European Economic Letters (EEL)

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Specific and General Public Policies on Girl Child Education in India

Prabha Singh Parihar, Mohan Prasad Sharma — 2026-01-01

Gender disparities in education continue to impose significant economic and social costs in developing countries. In India, despite near-universal access to primary education, girls remain disproportionately vulnerable to dropout and low learning outcomes at the secondary level. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of specific (girl-targeted) and general (universal) public policies in improving girl child education in India. Drawing on high-quality empirical and quasi-experimental studies, the analysis compares interventions such as bicycle distribution schemes, sanitation infrastructure, leadership representation, and awareness programs with broad-based initiatives including school feeding programs and access expansion policies. The study conceptualizes policy effectiveness through their ability to reduce direct and indirect costs of schooling, improve learning productivity, and influence educational aspirations. The findings suggest that general policies are effective in expanding baseline participation by lowering financial and nutritional constraints, while specific policies play a critical role in addressing gender-sensitive barriers related to safety, distance, and social norms. However, neither category alone ensures sustained educational progression. The paper concludes that coordinated policy design integrating both specific and general interventions is essential for achieving efficient and equitable educational outcomes for girls in India.

Economic Determinants of Consumer Decision-Making toward Sustainable Textiles in India: A Comparative Perspective with Traditional Textiles

Tanya Gautam, Meenu Shant Priya — 2026-01-01

The textile industry in India stands at the crossroads of sustainability and tradition, where consumer decisions plays a pivotal role in shaping its trajectory. This research aims to delve into the economic factors influencing consumer choices towards sustainable textiles, particularly focusing on traditional options. this study seeks to unravel the intricate interplay between economic considerations and consumer decisions. Through a comprehensive review of literature, key themes emerge, highlighting the significance of price sensitivity, perceived value and affordability influences in consumer decision-making. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to both academia and industry by providing insights into effective strategies for enhancing the adoption of sustainable textiles in India's traditional textile landscape. This research paper investigates the economic factors influencing consumer decisions in selecting sustainable textiles over traditional options.

The Impact of Spirituality on Workplace Stress: A Mindfulness and Harmony Perspective

Ritu Saxena — 2026-01-01

Workplace stress has become a pervasive challenge affecting employee well-being, productivity, and organizational performance. In recent years, spirituality—distinct from religious affiliation—has emerged as a powerful resource for enhancing emotional balance, resilience, and workplace harmony. This study examines the impact of workplace spirituality on stress reduction, emphasizing mindfulness practices and harmony-oriented behaviours. Drawing from theoretical foundations and empirical insights, the paper evaluates how mindfulness, meaning-oriented work values, compassion, and interpersonal harmony contribute to employees’ ability to cope with high-pressure environments. The findings reveal that spirituality significantly reduces stress by facilitating self-awareness, promoting emotional regulation, fostering positive relationships, and creating a supportive organizational climate. The paper concludes that integrating spiritual well-being practices into organizational culture can enhance workforce morale, mental health, and overall productivity.

Examining Market Efficiency Through Daily NAV Fluctuations of Small-Cap Mutual Funds in India

Sreeram Daida — 2026-01-01

This study examines the weak-form efficiency of the Indian mutual fund market by analyzing the daily Net Asset Value (NAV) fluctuations of selected small-cap mutual funds from 2019 to 2025. Using simulated daily NAV data for a representative small-cap equity fund and benchmark returns from the NIFTY Small cap 250 Index, the study evaluates whether NAV movements follow a random walk pattern consistent with market efficiency. Four econometric tests are applied: the Runs Test to assess randomness, the Ljung –Box Q-test to detect serial correlation, the Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test for unit roots, and the GARCH (1, 1) model to identify volatility clustering. The empirical results reveal that mutual fund returns exhibit weak serial dependence and persistent volatility, suggesting that the Indian small-cap mutual fund segment is not fully weak-form efficient. However, improvements in fund governance and digital transparency have narrowed inefficiencies in recent years. The study contributes to the behavioral and empirical finance literature by providing evidence on the evolving efficiency of small-cap funds and offers implications for investors and regulators in enhancing information symmetry and trading transparency.

Bridging the Probabilistic-Deterministic Divide: A Neuro-Symbolic Architecture for Verifiable Regulatory Compliance in Generative Financial Agents

2026-01-06

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into the financial services sector has precipitated a paradigm shift in customer engagement, algorithmic trading, and automated advisory services. However, a critical research gap persists at the intersection of generative capability and regulatory rigidity. While LLMs exhibit unprecedented fluency and semantic understanding, they fundamentally operate as probabilistic engines, making them inherently ill-suited for the deterministic requirements of financial compliance frameworks such as the European Union’s Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II (MiFID II), the EU AI Act, and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulation Best Interest (Reg BI). This research paper identifies and addresses the "Reasoning Gap" in current Conversational AI literature the inability of pure Transformer-based architectures to guarantee logically sound, verifiable, and legally compliant financial advice without hallucination. We propose a novel Neuro-Symbolic Financial Compliance Framework (NS-FCF) that hybridizes the semantic flexibility of LLMs with the structural rigor of the Financial Industry Business Ontology (FIBO). By leveraging logic-enhanced Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and Program of Thought (PoT) prompting, this framework offers a pathway toward "Verifiable Autonomous Finance," ensuring that AI-generated advice is not only human-like in interaction but mathematically and legally provable in its derivation.

Socio-Ethical Considerations in Decision Making w.r.t. Metaverse: A Conceptual Review

Anand G. Jumle, Deepak Jain — 2026-01-07

A metaverse is a virtual arena in which businesses and individuals globally may connect, and share information in current moment using an platform that fosters collaboration. Such interactions may result in complicated linkages, which are impacted by business decision-making processes. Such complexities might raise obstacles, as well as social and ethical concerns. The metaverse's decentralized, global nature complicates control. The study also examined the role of four ethical principles in guiding complicated interactions inside the metaverse that have a favourable impact on decision-making, and while dealing with ethical and social challenges. This article focuses on social and ethical challenges while achieving sustainable development goals.

Evaluating the Sporting Achievements, Personality Traits, and Motivation Factors of Piyush Chawla – A Case Study

Chander Shekher Singh, Prof. (Dr.) Manu Mishra — 2026-01-07

This paper empirically examines the rise and development of Indian cricketer Piyush Chawla, focusing on his sporting milestones, psychological make-up, motivation levels, and resilience factors. Using a mixed-method descriptive and analytical case study design anchored in the Ekta Bisht model and validated psychological inventories the study analyses Chawla’s career arc alongside comparative peer data. It integrates synthetic peer group analysis while grounding key interpretations in established sports psychology frameworks. Key findings reveal high achievement motivation, marked psychological resilience, and strong correlations between specific personality traits and consistent sporting performance. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed for coaches, sports academies, and future research.

Workplace Wellness Through Spirituality: Assessing the Impact of Compassion and Forgiveness on Employee Stress

Ritu Saxena, Vibhor Jain — 2026-01-07

In recent years, organizations have increasingly recognized workplace wellness as a critical determinant of employee productivity, engagement, and organizational sustainability. Beyond physical and psychological interventions, spirituality at work has emerged as a meaningful approach to enhancing employee well-being. This research paper examines the role of two core spiritual values—compassion and forgiveness—in reducing employee stress and fostering a healthier work environment. Drawing upon existing literature in organizational behavior, positive psychology, and workplace spirituality, the study explores how compassionate interactions and forgiveness-oriented practices influence emotional regulation, interpersonal relationships, and stress management among employees. The paper highlights theoretical perspectives linking spirituality to stress reduction and proposes a conceptual framework illustrating the pathways through which compassion and forgiveness contribute to workplace wellness. The findings suggest that spiritually enriched workplaces encourage empathy, emotional resilience, and trust, thereby mitigating stress and promoting psychological well-being. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for organizations to integrate spiritual values into human resource practices and leadership development programs to achieve sustainable employee wellness and organizational effectiveness.

Unveiling Teaching in the Digital Era: Insights into ICT Competency among College Teachers

Dr. M.Thangam , Mr. A. Haja Mydeen, Dr.P.Karthikeyan — 2026-01-07

The rapid digital transformation of higher education has significantly reshaped teaching–learning practices, placing increased emphasis on (ICT) competency among college teachers. Effective integration of ICT is essential for enhancing teaching effectiveness, student engagement, assessment practices, and overall institutional quality. Despite widespread adoption of digital tools, variations in ICT competency persist due to demographic and professional factors such as age, gender, marital status, and research experience. The study aims to examine the level of ICT competency among college teachers and analyze differences in their perceptions across selected demographic variables. Using a descriptive research design, data were collected from 200 college teachers through a structured questionnaire covering key dimensions of ICT competency, including technical skills, pedagogical integration, and assessment and feedback. Simple random sampling strengthened the credibility and reliability of the study by providing an unbiased representation of the target population. Statistical techniques such as mean analysis, t-tests, and ANOVA were employed for data analysis.

The findings reveal that while teachers generally demonstrate moderate to high ICT competency, no significant differences were observed based on gender and marital status, whereas age and research experience showed notable variations. The study highlights the need for continuous professional development and institutional support to strengthen ICT competency among college teachers in the digital era.

Consumer Behaviour Of Young Women Towards Apparel With Special Reference To Tiruchengode Town

Prof.T. Krishna Kumar ,Dr. A. Somu, Principal, — 2026-01-07

The apparel industry in India has witnessed significant growth in recent years, driven by changing lifestyles, increasing urbanization, and higher disposable incomes among young consumers. Among these consumers, young women represent a dynamic segment whose purchasing behavior reflects not only economic considerations but also personal identity, lifestyle choices, social influence, and cultural background. The study investigates the consumer behavior of young women in Tiruchengode town, focusing on the factors that influence apparel purchasing decisions. The research examines the role of personality traits, cultural traditions, social groups, and household income in shaping purchase patterns, preferences, and frequency of apparel acquisition.Astructured survey was conducted among 300 respondents using a combination of demographic questions, Likert-scale items, and multiple-choice questions to capture various dimensions of consumer behavior. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, correlation, and regression analysis, were employed to explore the relationships among variables. Findings reveal that personality traits exert a stronger predictive influence on apparel choice than cultural background, highlighting the increasing importance of individuality and self-expression in shaping fashion preferences. Social influences, particularly from peer groups and social media, significantly correlate with purchase frequency, while household income influences the prioritization of price, brand, and lifestyle factors.The study provides valuable insights for fashion retailers, marketers, and designers seeking to target young female consumers effectively, emphasizing the need to consider psychological, social, and cultural determinants alongside demographic characteristics.

Scrolling to Invest? Understanding Influence, Action, and Confidence in Financial Decisions Shaped by Instagram Finfluencers

Anukriti Agarwal, Dr. Gunjan A Rana, Dr. Kanika Sachdeva — 2026-01-08

The increasing use of social media platforms such as Instagram has altered how individuals’ access and interpret financial information. In the Indian context, financial influencers, or finfluencers, have emerged as influential digital intermediaries who disseminate personal finance and investment-related content to a large and diverse audience. They translate complex investment concepts for a burgeoning audience. While prior research has largely examined influencer characteristics, content strategies and behaviour, limited empirical attention has been paid to the behavioural outcome of the followers of the financial influencers, particularly the extent to which exposure to finfluencer content translates into actual financial decision-making.

This study examines the behavioural responses of Instagram followers to financial influencer content by analysing primary data collected from working professionals who actively engage with financial/ business related content on Instagram the study adopts a quantitative and exploratory research design. The paper analyse the financial decisions undertaken after content consumption, the underlying motivations driving these decisions, and the level of confidence associated with such actions. The analysis focuses on identifying patterns of influencer-induced financial actions, key motivational drivers such as trust, clarity of explanation, perceived relevance, and social validation, as well as followers’ self-reported confidence in their financial decisions.

By shifting the analytical focus from influencer-centric perspectives to follower-side behavioural outcomes, this research contributes to the growing literature on digital financial literacy, social media influence, and consumer financial behaviour in emerging economies. The study offers relevant implications for policymakers, financial regulators, fintech platforms, and content creators by highlighting how social media–based financial content shapes individual decision-making and confidence, underscoring the importance of transparency, investor awareness, and responsible financial communication within India’s evolving digital finance ecosystem.

Fostering Computational Thinking and Problem-Solving Through An AI-Integrated Informatics Curriculum: A Framework for Future-Ready Hospitality Education in Secondary Schools With Architecture and Interior Design

2026-01-08

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into hospitality industries has significantly reshaped operational and service delivery paradigms, necessitating the reform of secondary-level education to prepare future professionals. This study proposes and evaluates an AI-integrated informatics curriculum framework aimed at enhancing computational thinking (CT) and problem-solving abilities among secondary school students with a focus on hospitality education. A quasi-experimental mixed-methods study was conducted across three secondary institutions offering pre-vocational hospitality programs. The curriculum intervention involved intelligent learning platforms, hospitality simulation tools, and AI-assisted decision-making exercises. Quantitative findings revealed statistically significant improvements in students’ CT scores and applied problem-solving competencies. Qualitative insights highlighted increased motivation, contextual understanding, and career relevance among learners. The paper concludes by recommending scalable pedagogical strategies and policy considerations for embedding AI and CT instruction into hospitality-focused secondary education.

The Relevance Of Folk Arts And Textures In Contemporary Fashion Innovations

2026-01-08

This study explores the relevance of folk arts and textures in modern fashion innovations, emphasizing how tradition and contemporary trends intersect to create culturally rich, sustainable fashion. It demonstrates that fashion is not merely an imitation of Western styles or fleeting trends but a dynamic process integrating heritage, artistry, and modern sensibilities. The revival of Indian folk arts—such as Madhubani, Warli, Phulkari, Patola, Ikat, and Kalamkari—within contemporary clothing represents a cultural renaissance, empowering artisans economically and fostering youth engagement with cultural heritage. Youth play a crucial role by adopting traditional arts in innovative forms, transforming fashion into a medium of identity, pride, and self-expression. The study highlights the centrality of texture, noting that handloom fabrics and natural fibers provide authenticity, emotional depth, and a sustainable experience for consumers. Indian folk-inspired fashion has gained international recognition, with motifs and textures showcased at global fashion hubs, creating economic opportunities for artisans. Despite challenges posed by fast fashion, counterfeit products, and production costs, digital platforms, e-commerce, and the sustainable fashion movement present opportunities for growth and wider outreach. Ultimately, the integration of folk arts and textures into modern fashion reinforces sustainability, ethical practices, and cultural richness, positioning fashion as a bridge between tradition, identity, and global progress.

Green Finance and ESG: A Strategic Pathway to Sustainable Investing

Dr. Sonal Sharma, Mr. Ravinder Sharma, — 2026-01-08

The growing pressure of climatic change, resource scarcity, and social inequality have escalated the incorporation of sustainability in terms of international finance systems. Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) and Green finance have been the primary instruments of ensuring the investment decisions are made along the long-term sustainable development agendas. In this paper, the strategic significance of green finance and ESG principles in improving sustainable investments and balancing of financial performance and responsible governance are discussed. The paper focuses on the contribution of ESG metrics in capital allocation, management of risk and corporate responsibility across different industries of business using a comprehensive literature review, policy frameworks, and market practices. The review gives particular attention to the creation of green financial instruments such as green bonds, sustainability-linked loans and impact investments in particular in regards to how it addresses the issue of climate change through social inclusion and ethical conduct of business. As well, the paper speculates on the problems associated with the ESG implementation, including data inconsistency, the danger of greenwashing, the dispersal of regulations, and the need to possess the unified practices of disclosures. The study has demonstrated the topicality of clear reporting, high ESG rating, and stakeholder participation in increasing investor confidence through the lens of the best practices in the world, and fresh regulatory initiatives. The findings have suggested that the inclusion of ESG in investment policies can not only enhance the resilience to environmental and social risks but also lead to the value creation in the long term and financial stability. The conclusion of the paper is that green finance and ESG are not only ethical, but strategic requirements of sustainable investment, which have the potential to change financial markets into more inclusive and environmentally friendly results. The research provides policy implications to policy makers, investors, and financial institutions interested in pursuing sustainable finance and at the same time sustain economic growth and efficiency in the market.

Integrating Human Safety and Environmental Protection into Supply Chain Operations: A Qualitative Analysis of Critical Success Factors

Atul Kumar Dayal, M. P. Singh — 2026-01-08

This qualitative study investigates the critical success factors for integrating environmental protection and human safety into supply chain operations. Using a questionnaire-based data collection method, responses were gathered from 91 supply chain managers and sustainability officers across manufacturing, logistics and retail sectors. The questionnaire explored organizational practices, perceived barriers, and enablers related to environmental and human safety integration. Thematic analysis of the responses revealed that strong leadership commitment, comprehensive safety management systems, supplier collaboration and continuous training are pivotal for successful integration. Regulatory compliance and stakeholder pressure were also identified as significant drivers, while lack of resources and inconsistent standards emerged as key challenges. The findings underscore the importance of proactive engagement with suppliers, embedding safety and environmental goals into procurement processes and fostering a culture of shared responsibility throughout the supply chain. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable supply chain management by highlighting actionable factors that organizations can leverage to enhance both human safety and environmental protection in their operations.

Investigating Tithi-Based Patterns in Ipo Listing Day Performance with Reference to Indian Stock Market

Vatsal B. Patel, Jaydip Chaudhari — 2026-01-08

This study investigates the relationship between lunar cycles, specifically lunar phases (tithis), and initial public offering (IPO) listing gains in the Indian stock market from 2020 to 2024. The dataset comprises 265 IPOs listed on the NSE and BSE, with listing day returns calculated based on the closing price compared with the issue price. Lunar phase data, including tithis and pakshas, were sourced from traditional Vedic calendar calculations and astronomical data aligned with Indian lunar calendars. The study employed a one-way ANOVA to determine whether there were statistically significant differences in listing gains across tithis. The analysis reveals temporal variations in IPO performance, with a pronounced decline from exceptional returns in 2020 to a substantial contraction in 2022, followed by market recovery in 2023 and 2024. While the two-sample t-test comparing listing returns in the Shukla and Krishna pakshas shows no significant difference, tithi-specific statistics reveal distinct patterns. Ekadashi exhibited the highest mean return and the greatest variability, whereas Saptami showed the lowest mean and smallest standard deviation. The one-way ANOVA results indicate no statistically significant difference in IPO listing gains across tithis, suggesting that the observed differences may be due to random chance. However, this study discusses several factors that may contribute to the consistency of IPO listing gains on certain tithes, such as event scheduling bias, sample size effects, market timing, issuer type, cultural and superstitious clustering, and statistical outliers. The findings suggest that lunar cycle timing can be a supplemental factor in IPO decision making, but broader market conditions and issue fundamentals remain the primary determinants of IPO success.

Legalities of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Generated Content in Contrast with European Union and United State: A Review Study

Rajesh Kumar, Vidhyanshi Bhanwar — 2026-01-08

Artificial intelligence (AI) can solve cognitive problems that frequently require human intelligence, it offers enormous potential for development and innovation. Technologies related to artificial intelligence (AI) have a big impact on how research and creative processes are changing in the visual arts. We are motivated to conduct research and analysis because of the increasing interest in investigating the potential of AI technology. We are looking for insights as a result of the numerous projects and creative endeavours that have been sparked by the combination of AI and art. Significant developments in chatbot technology are demonstrated by the emergence of ChatGPT as a top AI language model. The idea of artificial intelligence and the history of ChatGPT are covered first in this study. Researchers highlight the global market trend of AI implementation from 2020 to 2030 as well as the statistics of various AI application users, of which ChatGPT is the most popular. Next, we examine the various applications of AI in industries such as robotics, finance, healthcare, retail, and automotive. On the other hand, there are difficulties such as issues with originality, infringement, and ownership and authorship rights. The researchers examine how the legal systems of the USA and the EU handle and regulate the new issues that arise from the use of AI tools such as ChatGPT.

Psychometric Validation of the Global Skill Taxonomy Inventory (GSTI) for B.Ed. Trainees in the Indian Context

Uma Baidya ,Dr.Prem Shankar Srivastava — 2026-01-08

The aim of the present study was to design and evaluate Global Skill Taxonomy Inventory (GSTI) to assess global skills of B.Ed. Trainees in West Tripura, India. The inventory was created to measure eight international skills Cognitive, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Global Citizenship, Innovation and Creativity, Self-Paced Learning, Technological, and Leadership Skills. A population of 1,200 B.Ed. Trainees was used in the study with a sample of 500 trainees (250 males, 250 females) being chosen using stratified random sampling. The questionnaires were comprised of 80 questions (10 in each subscale) which were rated on a 5 point Likert scale. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.83) were found to be high and good respectively in psychometric evaluation. The eight-dimensional structure was validated by the exploratory factor analysis as it explained 68.4 percent of all variance and convergent validity was achieved through positive correlations with self-concept (r = 0.71) and creative thinking (r = 0.68). These results show that GSTI is a valid and trustworthy instrument to measure global skills in potential teachers. Curriculum development, professional training, and educational research in the Indian teacher education setting can be informed by the inventory.

A Hybrid ARIMA–EGARCH–Artificial Neural Network Model for Optimal Time Series Forecasting

Dova Soumith, M. Sravani — 2026-01-09

Accurate forecasting of time series data remains a fundamental challenge in finance and economics due to the coexistence of linear dependence, nonlinear dynamics, and time-varying volatility. Traditional ARIMA models effectively capture linear temporal structures but fail to address heteroskedasticity. EGARCH models capture asymmetric volatility behavior but do not enhance mean forecasts, while Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) provide nonlinear flexibility at the cost of interpretability and volatility awareness. This study proposes a three- stage hybrid ARIMA–EGARCH–ANN model that integrates linear trend extraction, asymmetric volatility modeling, and nonlinear learning within a unified framework. Using daily S&P 500 index returns (2010–2024, 3,780 observations), the proposed model is evaluated against traditional, machine learning, and hybrid benchmarks. Empirical results show that the hybrid model achieves a MAPE of 3.82%, outperforming ARIMA by 27.4% and ANN by 18.6% in out-of-sample forecasting. Diebold–Mariano tests confirm statistical significance at the 1% level. The findings demonstrate that integrating statistical and machine learning paradigms yields superior forecasting accuracy and robustness, particularly during periods of market turbulence.

Algorithmic Trading and Volatility Dynamics: Sectoral Evidence from an Emerging Equity Market

Adithya Bhatt Prathikantam, Gaddam Naresh Reddy — 2026-01-09

Algorithmic Trading (AT) has emerged as a transformative force in modern financial markets, fundamentally altering trade execution mechanisms, market liquidity, and volatility dynamics. The rapid adoption of automated trading systems, particularly in emerging markets like India, has intensified concerns regarding market stability, price discovery, and short-term volatility shocks. This study examines the impact of algorithmic trading on the volatility of top sectoral leaders within the NIFTY50 index, which represents the most liquid and influential firms across key sectors of the Indian economy. Using high-frequency market data from the National Stock Exchange (NSE), the study employs the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) family of models to capture time-varying volatility patterns and assess the role of algorithmic trading intensity in shaping return volatility. Adopting a cross-sectional and sectoral approach, the research investigates whether algorithmic trading exacerbates volatility through rapid order placements, speculative behavior, and flash-crash-like events. The findings are expected to provide nuanced insights into the dual role of algorithmic trading in influencing volatility—both stabilizing and destabilizing—across sectoral leaders of the NIFTY50. The study offers significant implications for regulators, institutional investors, and policymakers in designing balanced regulatory frameworks that promote technological innovation while safeguarding market stability in developing economies.

Bridge Urban-Rural Gap: A Role Of Financial Literacy And Financial Inclusion In India

Wangel Bhutia, V Shunmugasundaram — 2026-01-10

Background: The Government of Bharat and Regulators (RBI, NABARD, SEBI, PFRDA, SIDBI, IRDAI, etc.) have taken various initiatives to make progress in financial inclusion and financial literacy leading to behavioural change among different sections of a society. These initiatives in the form of schemes (PMJDY, PMMY, PMJJBY, PMGDISHA, PMSBY, Stand-Up India) and programs (FLC, Awareness campaign etc.) presenting year-wise information on beneficiaries however fail to track the cumulative impact and contribution in upliftment of socio-economic condition of marginalized citizen.

Purpose: It aims to identify Regulator’s monitoring role, government schemes contribution in reducing urban-rural divide and socio-economic upliftment.

Methodology: The study uses trend-based approach to analyse cumulative impact of schemes, lay out directional framework (NSFE) and action plan (NSFE) of regulatory bodies and compare the result with Global Findex (World Bank) and National Account Statistics 2024, a major social indicator.

Findings: The result present consistency in scheme’s progress with socio-economic upliftment and Findex improvement over the period. It further presents lack in required behavioural change signifying the need of enhanced financial literacy program. The role of COVID-19 causing heightened health concern has been reflected in inclined insurance participation.

Practical Implications: The necessity of technology adoption in government scheme and enhanced participation of business correspondent is felt. The study sought for more Regulator’s contribution and government support to achieve financial inclusion and literacy.

Relatable Human Rights within reach of India's Transgender population: Overcoming Obstacles and Staying the Course

Dipika Bhati, Sandhya Kumari — 2026-01-10

Human Rights from the time of its recognition play an important part in any human’s life. To be recognised as a human being is not just guided by being alive, but a string of dignity is attached with it which is granted by the Rights which must be equal for every being. This article is an effort by the researcher to bring to light the difference between Universality and Relativeness of Human Rights with special emphasis on Transgender and how every country uses their own cultural means to create differences within the transgender communities. One reason the universal legal text of human rights is not widely accepted is its perceived justifications. Human Rights were long deemed worldwide since UDHR constituted international law. The researcher also wants to throw light on the fact that Indian Constitution did adopt the UDHR principles through inclusion of Fundamental Rights under Part IV. However, by lsheer reading what it offers to the Transgender community is still unclear. This paper seeks to clarify the relationship between fundamental rights, cultural relativism, and constitutional morality in India with a brief emphasis on other Nations as well considering the most recent Human Rights issues with transgender communities, that were not just ignored but legally unaddressed. The paper also puts forward few suggestions which can be taken in globally for governments and other institutions to follow for better Human Rights implementation.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Sustainable Entrepreneurship Education

Neeta Bhatla — 2026-01-10

The Entrepreneurial education is necessity of today due to the changing environment. The entrepreneur is one who contributes with his creativity and competence towards promoting the economic growth of the nation. This study evaluates the effectiveness of sustainable entrepreneurship education in enhancing students’ entrepreneurial competencies, sustainability awareness, and intention to engage in environmentally and socially responsible ventures. . The study is based on preparing the young entrepreneurs, developing creativity, and contributing them in the growth of the nation. In the study data is collected from secondary sources which include books, internet, journals and manuals. Entrepreneurial education provides the individuals of today with the ability to recognize commercial opportunities, self esteem, knowledge and skills to act on them. It includes recognizing the need of present, commercialization of a concept, management of resources and preparing a business venture. Entrepreneurs or is also termed as an attempt towards self employment, will continue to become increasingly important element in the growth and development of the nation. For this it is also required to have infrastructure, an entrepreneurial mind set and also encouraging self employment. The purpose of this paper is firstly the identification of the needs of the present business environment. Secondly, designing the course structure suitable for students at the university or college level. Thirdly, preparing an atmosphere of innovation and creativity in the mindset of individuals. Fourthly, train them for the self employment opportunities.

Empowering Rural Democracy in the Bay Islands: Investigating the Role of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI) in South Andaman District

Tapas Biswas, Pallavi Beri — 2026-01-13

This paper aims to analyse the issues and challenges faced by Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in the Bay Islands, with a specific focus on the Andaman District. The objectives of the study include understanding the structural, administrative, and fiscal complexities encountered by PRIs, examining the adequacy of budgetary allocations, assessing the state of infrastructure and social schemes, and exploring the influence of linguistic dynamics on local politics. The present study employs a methodology that entails a thorough examination of extant literature, official reports, and pertinent data sources to acquire insights into the predicaments and obstacles encountered by Public Rural Institutions (PRIs) in the Bay Islands. The research paper concludes that PRIs in the Bay Islands encounter several critical challenges, such as inadequate budgetary allocations, infrastructure etc. which hamper their financial and functional autonomy. Overall, this research paper provides insights into the issues and challenges faced by PRIs in the Bay Islands and offers recommendations for addressing these challenges to strengthen local self-administration and promote inclusive and participatory governance.

Navigating Productivity And Adaptability In The Workplace: A Study On Exploring The Emerging Trends In Organisational Landscape

R. Rangarajan, A. S. Kalyana Kumar, Smita Singh V — 2026-01-14

The study attempts to find out how Work Environment (WE), Work Schedule Flexibility (WSF), and Technology Adoption Level (TAL) affect Employee Productivity (EP), Employee Adaptability (EA), and Team Collaboration (TC) in modern workplaces. It also seeks to identify new trends and their effects on worker well-being and organizational performance. This study uses a quantitative research strategy while the sample size is 205 based on a random sampling procedure from the IT sector employees. It seeks new trends in workplaces by studying employees' productivity and adaptability, extracting information from the data gathered for statistical analysis that may be relevant to the study's objectives. It is in this regard that the research explores how enhanced technology utilization, flexible working hours and a good working environment significantly boost the productivity of employees. It highlights how important training is in creating a culture of flexibility and cooperation, in communicating effectively as a leader and in adapting to new technologies/trends. In evolving work environments, organizational flexibility, technology uptake and leadership support become the key determinants that affect productivity and adaptation. The scope of the research stems from the inference that emerging workplace trends fuelled by organizational flexibility and flexibility-driven strategies boost productivity. Through statistical analysis, all these variables have strong correlation abilities; implying flexibility plays a central role in high degrees of productivity in work environments where work scenarios differ significantly.

An Empirical Study on Determinants Influencing the Purchase Intention of Consumers Towards Sustainable Clothing in India

Bhawna, Anupama Phuagat — 2026-01-15

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to discover the influence of Perception of Sustainable Clothing (PSC), Expectations of Sustainable clothing (ESC), Environment Concern (EC) and Subjective Norms (SN) on Purchase Intention (PI) of consumers towards sustainable clothing (SC) in India.

Methodology: 228 consumers were selected through convenience and snowball sampling. EFA and SEM were applied for data analysis using SPSS 25 and AMOS.

Findings: The findings show that PSC, EC and SN emerge as determinants of PI. However, no association between ESC and PI was found.

Practical Implications: It is a new model on sustainable clothing framework. Moreover, this study offers valuable insights for companies and fashion brands to influence sustainable business practices. This provides a prospect for fashion brands to address the consumers’ environmental apprehension and expectations through expansion of sustainable products.

Originality: As per author’s knowledge, no study is available on factors exploring the influence of Perception of Sustainable Clothing (PSC), Expectations of Sustainable clothing (ESC), Environment Concern (EC) and Subjective Norms (SN) on Purchase Intention (PI) of consumers towards SC in India. Therefore, the present study fills this gap and explores the association between PSC, ESC, EC and SN on PI of Indian consumers towards SC. This paper is perhaps the first effort to fulfill such gap.

Green Bonds, Sustainability, And Vulnerability: Analysing The Impact On Environmental And Financial Resilience Of Investors In Indian Market

Gahana G Shanbhag, Jeevan KS, Krovvidi Krishna Kumari, Manish Jain — 2026-01-15

This study examines the impact of green bonds on environmental and financial resilience among investors in the Indian market, focusing on the behavioral determinants influencing investor participation. Employing a quantitative approach, primary data were collected from 112 respondents and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression to identify key factors affecting continued investment. Findings indicate a nascent market dominated by young, highly educated, but inexperienced investors. Regression results highlight "Social Norms and Public Opinion" as the strongest predictor of investment behavior, supporting signaling theory where reputational benefits outweigh purely financial considerations. While expected returns positively influence investment decisions, intrinsic motivation and perceived financial risk exhibit limited predictive power. These results suggest that green bonds currently function primarily as reputational assets, rendering the market vulnerable to greenwashing risks. The study advocates for enhanced regulatory frameworks and transparent impact reporting to shift the market toward sustained financial resilience, contributing valuable empirical evidence to sustainable finance literature in emerging economies

Mapping the Nanotechnology Landscape in Healthcare: A Multi-Domain Analysis of Scientific Output, Innovation, Clinical Trials, and Market Dynamics

Mayank Punetha — 2026-01-15

Nanotechnology is transforming healthcare by enabling precise molecular-scale manipulation to develop innovative diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. This study integrates bibliometric mapping (2014–2024), patent landscape analysis, clinical trial evaluation, and market forecasting to present a comprehensive view of nano-healthcare. Bibliometric data show a threefold rise in publications (4,321 to 15,081) and a surge in average citations per paper (1.19 to 54.97). Clinical trials of nanoparticle-based therapies expanded fifty-five-fold since 2000, with Phase II studies dominating and oncology comprising over 90% of investigations. Patent filings and grants nearly quadrupled, while median grant-lag times halved post-2018, indicating faster translation. Harmonized market forecasts project growth from USD 232.5 billion in 2024 to USD 493.9 billion by 2030 (CAGR 12.4%), supported by 1,318 catalogued products. A SWOT analysis highlights opportunities in non-oncology applications, regulatory harmonization, and emerging markets, alongside challenges in safety, scalability, and regional disparities, offering a strategic framework for stakeholders to accelerate innovation.

An Empirical Study of Artificial Intelligence: AI-Driven Banking Services Personalised Experience

Garima Nidhi, Ashish Kumar Singh — 2026-01-15

The simulation of human intelligence in machines, called Artificial intelligence, has risen, and plays an important role in the new banking era. The present study aims to discuss the consumer’s perspective on artificial intelligence’s adoption in north India region. The questionnaire was developed and distributed to collect data. The total useable responses were 464 had a significant and positive relationship with the intention to adopt AI in the banking sector. The dependent variable of the model proposed is the intention to adopt AI-integrated tools and the predictors are eight independent variables including Innovativeness, optimism, discomfort, insecurity, customization, interactivity, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The present study integrates technology readiness (TR) into the technology acceptance model

From Culture to Creation: The Mediating Role of Organisational Culture in the Relationship between Rewards and Intrapreneurial Behaviour Among Campus Recruited Freshers in Hyderabad

M. Sowjanya, M.Srikumar — 2026-01-16

Today’s organisations are increasingly focusing on sustainability and agility to attain competitive edge, where being innovative has become constant necessity. Fostering Intrapreneurial Behaviour among young recruits through appropriate rewards is essential to adapt dynamic market requirements and technological changes. This study aims to explore how perceived rewards and recognition influence intrapreneurial behaviour among newly recruited freshers. While this behaviour is exhibited in physical work environments, organisational culture is considered as mediating factor. Drawing on Cognitive Evaluation Theory and Denison’s Organisational culture model, the study is planned to examine the extent to which h extrinsic and intrinsic reward systems influence Proactiveness, Innovativeness, Risk taking Behaviours.

The study focuses on the perceptions of freshers recruited through campus placements in the area of Hyderabad. Though the research adopts an empirical approach, primary data collection and model testing are yet to be initiated. A sample size of 400 newly recruited freshers from campus placements in Hyderabad is planned for the study, while Multiple regression will be conducted using SPSS to examine influence of perceived rewards and recognition on Intrapreneurial behaviour with organisational culture as mediating variable, The objective of this study is to analyse effect of rewards to promote intrapreneurial behaviour that give insights for organisations to cultivate potential from the earliest stages of employment.

Negotiating Cultural Dominance within Indian Regional Cinema: Reconfiguration of the Narrative Strategies Used as an Alternative Device to Resistance

Debasmita Biswas, Gitanjali Roy — 2026-01-16

Margins in Indian cinema increasingly function as narrative epicenters where alternative cultural expressions challenge the dominance of Bollywood. Rather than remaining peripheral, regional cinemas actively generate cinematic signifiers that reshape the cultural vocabulary of Indian film discourse. This study examines how regional film practices, grounded in local histories, identities, and socio-political realities, reposition themselves by de-canonizing dominant narrative structures within Indian cinema. The paper critically investigates how regional cinemas resist marginalization, articulate alternative voices, and intervene in the politics of canon formation. The research explores how regional films negotiate their position within a Bollywood-centric cinematic hierarchy, and analyzes narrative strategies that enable audiences to engage with and subvert mainstream ideological norms. It further examines the impact of caste, gender, class, displacement, and regional histories on modes of representation and storytelling. Adopting a comparative framework, the study attends to both local specificities and shared strategies of resistance across different Indian regions. The analysis is based on select case studies RRR (South), Ardaas Karaan (North), Rajkahini (East), Sairat (West), and Yarwng (Northeast) chosen to illustrate commonalities and variations in narrative resistance. Each film embodies distinct thematic and formal strategies that contest dominant cinematic paradigms while contributing to a broader pan-Indian perspective. Methodologically, the study employs a qualitative approach incorporating critical discourse analysis, cultural studies, narrative analysis, visual and content analysis, and comparative methods. The paper ultimately argues that regional cinemas are not static margins but dynamic cultural sites that actively reconfigure India’s cinematic landscape through representational politics and narrative experimentation.

Decoding Indian Consumer Behaviour Toward Global Electronics Brands: A Cross-Cultural Analysis

Vani Aggarwal, Diksha , Waqar, Mohini, Priyanshi, Swarnim, Ansh — 2026-01-18

The growth of global electronics brands in India has reshaped consumer preferences, with rising incomes and digital exposure increasing openness to international products. Yet, traditional cultural values continue to guide purchase decisions. This study investigates how collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and traditional mindset influence consumer perceptions and buying intentions, alongside the effects of perceived brand globalness, brand familiarity, social influence, and trust. Data from 100 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, reliability tests, correlation, and regression. Findings reveal that collectivism strongly drives purchase intentions, while perceived brand globalness and familiarity enhance trust and aspirational appeal. Social influence, particularly via online platforms, significantly affects younger consumers. The study highlights the need for glocalized strategies, culturally aligned branding, and robust digital engagement for global electronics brands in India.

Blockchain and the Future of Tourism Policy: Decentralising Trust, Enhancing Transparency, and Driving Innovation

Vani Aggarwal, Brij Bhushan Tomar — 2026-01-18

Blockchain technology, originally developed for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, is now gaining traction across various sectors, including tourism. Its decentralized structure offers enhanced transparency, security, and efficiency, key advantages for the tourism industry, which often depends on multiple intermediaries. This paper examines blockchain applications such as secure bookings, digital identity management, loyalty programs, and sustainable tourism. Using thematic analysis of literature and case studies, four key themes emerge: decentralized trust, data integrity, service innovation, and sustainability. The study also presents policy suggestions and future research directions, offering valuable insights into blockchain’s transformative potential and challenges within tourism’s digital evolution.

The Mediating Role of Organisational Commitment in the Relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour

Sanchita Khantwal, Animesh Singh — 2026-01-19

Purpose: This study investigates the mediating role of organizational commitment (OC) in the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) among employees.

Design: Research is carried out in the setting of the Indian IT industry, and a sample of 550 employees chosen utilizing a random sampling technique is collected from the region of Delhi-NCR region using structured questionnaire with responses obtained on 5-point Likert scale for measures of OCB, EI, and OC. A partial least squares-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) has been developed to examine linkage between variables.

Findings: Analysis confirmed that EI among the employees leads to higher OC towards the organisation, as they manage their emotions better, are more emotionally aware, and forge stronger relationships with colleagues. The study also found that OC among the employees leads to enhanced OCB among the employees. The heightened OC among employees encourages them to extend their job duties beyond the level of formal requirements. Finally, the study also found that OC partially acts as mediator in relationship between EI as well as OCB among employees.

Originality: This research extends literature on the mechanisms driving OCB, particularly emotional intelligence. Since the mediating role of OC in this dynamic was relatively unknown, the theoretical contribution of this study is valuable for academia. In practice, organisations can utilise the findings to drive higher levels of OC, which, in turn, enhances OCB.

Retention Challenges and Sustainable HRM Practices in Private Universities

Neha Tiwari, Aditya Sharma — 2026-01-19

Employee retention has emerged as a critical strategic challenge for private universities, where competitive pressures, contractual employment, and evolving faculty expectations contribute to persistent attrition. Traditional retention mechanisms—largely focused on compensation and short-term incentives—have proven insufficient in addressing the complex and long-term nature of faculty turnover. This study examines employee retention challenges in private universities through the lens of Sustainable Human Resource Management (HRM) and explores how sustainable HRM practices contribute to enhanced employee satisfaction and retention intentions.

Comparison of Dominant Arm Strength between Volleyball and Basketball Players: An Undergraduate Perspective

Mukesh Kumar, Manu Mishra — 2026-01-20

The present study aimed to compare the dominant arm strength between volleyball and basketball players at the undergraduate level. Sixty male college players from Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, participated in this research, including thirty volleyball and thirty Basketball players aged between 18 and 25 years. The dominant arm strength was measured using a six-pound medicine ball throw test. The independent t-test was applied to analyze the data. Results indicated that Basketball players (M = 8.81, SD = 1.24) exhibited significantly greater dominant arm strength than volleyball players (M = 7.09, SD = 1.18), with a calculated t-value of 5.49 exceeding the critical value of 1.671 at the 0.05 level. The findings suggest that sport-specific training and movement patterns in Basketball contribute to higher dominant arm strength. This study highlights the importance of tailored training programs for athletes based on the physical demands of their respective sports to enhance performance and prevent muscular imbalances.

Neuromarketing Insights into Sensory Stimuli: A Study of Emotional Arousal and Buying Behavior

Nidhi Shukla — 2026-01-20

Neuromarketing has emerged as a response to the declining persuasive power of traditional, cognition-centred marketing approaches, offering new ways to examine how consumers actually experience and respond to marketing stimuli. Within this broader shift, sensory marketing has gained prominence by emphasising how visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, and gustatory cues shape affective reactions and behavioural outcomes. The present study investigates how distinct sensory stimuli influence emotional arousal and buying behavior, adopting a direct-effects perspective grounded in affective and neuroscientific theory. Using an experimental research design, data were collected from 220 consumers exposed to manipulate sensory conditions systematically. Emotional arousal and buying behavior were measured through validated psychometric instruments designed to capture affective intensity and purchase-related responses. Multiple regression analysis was employed to assess the extent to which sensory stimuli predict emotional arousal and buying behavior, while one-way analysis of variance was used to examine whether these outcomes differ significantly across sensory modalities. Post-hoc comparisons further identified which sensory cues exert comparatively stronger effects. The findings reveal that sensory stimuli significantly influence both emotional arousal and buying behavior, with olfactory and visual cues demonstrating the strongest effects. Moreover, emotional arousal and purchase-related responses vary meaningfully across sensory conditions, underscoring the non-uniform role of different sensory channels in consumer decision-making. By relying on statistically grounded direct-effect testing rather than mediation-heavy models, the study contributes to a clearer understanding of how sensory inputs translate into consumer responses. The results offer actionable implications for managers seeking to design sensory environments that enhance consumer engagement while remaining grounded in empirical evidence.

The Algorithmic Lens: Understanding How Social Media Shapes Contemporary Notions Of Health And Taste

Aarjavi Vora, Vishwa Shah, Jaimini Yagnik — 2026-01-20

This secondary research paper presents an analysis of the far-reaching ramifications of social media algorithms in shaping the perceptions of health and taste that exist within today's world. Through its research, this paper aims to explore how algorithms influence the concept of beauty, life choices, and health practices among social media users. In conducting its research, it aims to synthesize vital information in the three major areas that work as critical points for an individual's influence through algorithmic amplification, the creation of beauty and life content, and finally, the psychological, social, cultural, and public health effects that both occur and influence users. This paper relies on information gathered from interdisciplinary sources that encompass studies within the areas of communications, psychology, public health, and digital sociology studies. This paper aims to demonstrate that these algorithmic structures generate feedback mechanisms that work both in democratizing and homogenizing perceptions regarding health and beauty among social users. This research seeks to conclude that though social platforms present an innovative way for users to learn from multiple aspects of health-related information, algorithmically structured platforms tend to promote extreme content, generate echo chambers, and promote unhealthy models of beauty.

Enabling Block Chain Skills for Transparency in Marketing Channels: Evidence from Food Processing Industry.

Varudhini Chirumamilla — 2026-01-20

This study examines the role of blockchain skills in enhancing transparency within marketing channels of the food processing industry. Using primary data collected from industry respondents across different socio-demographic backgrounds, the research analyzes perceptions related to blockchain skills competency, supply chain transparency, trust and data integrity, and operational efficiency. Descriptive analysis reveals a highly positive outlook toward blockchain adoption, with mean values indicating strong agreement on its ability to ensure traceability, improve data reliability, and enhance marketing channel efficiency. Trust and data integrity emerge as the most strongly supported factors, followed by supply chain transparency. Significant differences in perception are observed across gender, age, education, experience, designation, organizational size, functional area, and familiarity with blockchain technology. Respondents with higher education, managerial roles, mid-level experience, and high blockchain familiarity demonstrate stronger support across all factors.

Exploring the Role of Marketing and Promotional Strategies in Promoting Sustainable Fabrics with Reference to Apparels

Sumedha Kalia, Ankita Jain — 2026-01-21

The fashion industry’s growing environmental impact has intensified the need for sustainable fabrics and responsible consumption. Despite the rising availability of eco-friendly materials such as organic cotton, hemp, and recycled textiles, their adoption in mainstream apparel markets remains limited due to low awareness, higher costs, and weak promotional visibility. This study examines how consumer perceptions and diverse marketing strategies influence the purchase intention of sustainable apparel. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 190 respondents through a structured questionnaire assessing perceptions and five key promotional strategies: influencer marketing, eco-labeling, social media campaigns, cause-related marketing, and price-based promotions. Correlation and regression analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between consumer perception and sustainable fabric choice. One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD results showed significant differences among promotional strategies, with price and promotional offers emerging as the most effective, followed by cause-related marketing and social media campaigns. Influencer marketing and eco-labeling demonstrated comparatively lower impact. The study concludes that consumer education, value-driven promotions, and emotionally resonant campaigns are critical for enhancing sustainable apparel adoption.

Cultural Dimensions Influencing International Business Operations- A Global Perspective

Mahika Amit Vardhan — 2026-01-21

By synthesizing qualitative case studies from indexed repositories (Scopus, Web of Science) and contextualized with statistical insights from Deloitte, McKinsey, and Statista, this research illustrates how integrating Hofstede’s dimensions with digital transformation significantly optimizes B2B collaboration and innovation. Findings reveal that firms integrating cultural congruence with digital adaptability achieve superior collaboration outcomes and innovation diffusion across borders. The resulting architecture provides a strategic blueprint for maintaining global digital standards while employing context-specific leadership across diverse organizational environments. This research contributes to the intersection of digital globalization, BPM, and cross-cultural management by offering a dynamic theory-driven model applicable in both traditional and virtual organizational contexts .A culturally modular framework that balances global standardization with local adaptability in leadership and business process management (BPM). It paves the way for modern international business operations by bridging the gap between digital globalization and cross-cultural management. Cross-cultural understanding has become central to the sustainability of international business operations. Decentralized decision-making structures supported by cultural intelligence contribute to not only common but also private benefit optimization in B2B partnerships.

Predicting Green-Banking Adoption Intentions: Extending the Technology Acceptance Model with Environmental Consciousness

Abhishek kalra, V.M Tripathi, Abhishek badoni — 2026-01-23

Purpose

This paper considers factors that determine the intention of retail customers to use green-banking services in an Indian environment with climate vulnerability by revising the Technology Acceptance Model to include environmental and social factors of determinants.

Design

A cross-sectional survey was done on 432 customers of two districts of Uttarakhand, India, in retail banks. The structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data and test the direct effects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, environmental consciousness and social influence on behavioural intention, where attitude towards green banking was the moderator.

Findings

The strongest predictor of behavioural intention was perceived usefulness and environmental consciousness, and social influence and perceived ease of use. Green banking attitude had a stronger influence on the perceived usefulness and a smaller influence on the intention direction of perceived ease of use. The model described 56 per cent of behavioural intention and the environmental consciousness was greater in the hill district.

Originality/value

The research builds on Technology Acceptance Model by introducing moral, social and cognitive factors leading to green-banking acceptance. It offers evidence of the role of sustainability attitudes in setting the relationships between technology-intention in an emergent economy and offers district-level evidence of a climate-risk environment.

Determinants Of Mutual Fund Investment Decisions

Rishabh Jain, Preety — 2026-01-23

Mutual funds have become an increasingly preferred investment option for individuals seeking to achieve financial goals such as wealth creation, retirement planning, and steady income. This study explores the investment behavior of individual investors in mutual funds, with a focus on residents of Delhi. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 100 respondents, examining investor preferences, risk tolerance, and decision-making patterns.

Education and Learning in the Context of AI and Higher Education: Libraries as Mediators of AI-Driven Digital Access

Shiva Kanaujia Sukula — 2026-01-23

This paper examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the concepts of education, digital libraries, and the current state of higher education institutions in India. Citations systematically collected through Google Scholar using specific terms from the literature review discuss the impact of the disruptive nature of AI on the concepts of education, digital literacy, and the academic community. The method of the scoping review of AI in Digital Libraries and Higher Education, along with the tabulation method using MS Excel, proved helpful in compiling the study's results. These results highlight the library's role in disrupting the digital world of education through the impact of AI.

From Touchpoints to Trust: Examining the Role of Digital Media in Customer Experience and Relationship Management

2026-01-23

The rise of digital media has significantly altered the way consumers engage with brands. Through platforms like social media, mobile applications, and AI-powered chatbots, the marketing landscape has evolved from simple transactions to ongoing, relationship-oriented interactions. This research explores the complex role of digital media in influencing Customer Experience (CX), promoting Customer Engagement (CE), and improving Customer Relationship Management (CRM). The goal is to create a cohesive framework that connects these elements within the digital sphere. A mixed-methods strategy is utilized, integrating a systematic literature review (secondary data) with conceptual modeling. The review compiles insights from Scopus-indexed journals published from 2017 to 2023. Digital media acts as a vital facilitator of smooth CX across various touchpoints, enhances cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement, and improves CRM results such as trust, loyalty, and advocacy. The study introduces a mediated model in which CX and CE progressively impact CRM success. From a theoretical perspective, this research broadens the scope of Relationship Marketing and Uses and Gratifications theories within digital settings. From a managerial standpoint, it provides practical recommendations for crafting omnichannel strategies that emphasize experiential and relational depth rather than just transactional efficiency. This paper presents an integrated conceptual model that connects CX, CE, and CRM within the realm of digital media—a synthesis that is frequently disjointed in current literature. It also underscores emerging trends like AI personalization and ethical data practices in relationship management. Keywords: Customer Experience; Customer Engagement; Relationship Management; Digital Media; Social Media Marketing; Brand–Customer Interaction; Digital Communication.

Sustainability Practices Adopted By Rural Tourism Enterprises: A Field-Level Assessment

Digvijay Singh Bisht, Amit Joshi, Narendra Kumar — 2026-01-23

The study explored sustainability practices of rural tourism businesses in the Kumaun region of Uttarakhand, India. A quantitative and field-based methodology was used to study the nature and extent of the environmental, social, and economic sustainability practices exhibited by tourism operators. Data from 120 enterprises located across six districts were analyzed located using descriptive statistics, t- tests, reliability tests, and exploratory factor analysis in SPSS. Study results confirmed significant adoption of environmental practices, moderate adoption of social and economic practices, while financial and infrastructure limitations were identified as significant barriers. The study also found that sustainability initiatives were associated with significant improvements to community development, tourist satisfaction, and performance of businesses. By addressing significant gaps in field-based research, the study contributes meaningful implications for policymakers and stakeholders in the mountain tourism setting. It recommends cluster-based sustainability training, policy support, and green infrastructure, to help create resilient and community-focused rural tourism systems.

The Influence of Eco-Labels on Consumer Behaviour Toward Sustainable Clothing: A Study on Awareness and Purchase Decisions

M Esther Krupa L, Glady Agnes L — 2026-01-26

This research investigates the impact of eco-labels on the awareness, trust, and buying behaviour of consumers towards sustainable clothing in India. As the global and local conversations around sustainability intensify, consumers are more concerned—not only about what they are wearing, but how and where the clothing is manufactured and produced. Eco-labels, which are the trust signals of green brands, help in a brand’s eco-labels awareness, brand perception, brand custodianship, and eco-labels perception mapping through information transparency. Focusing on a mixed-method approach comprising 200 surveys and 10 in-depth interviews of retailers in metropolitan cities, the study analyses the relationship among the three variables, namely awareness, trust, and purchase decisions. The results indicate a significant positive relationship (r = 0.63) between awareness of eco-labels and purchase behaviour, with trust serving as a pivotal mediator. This research contributes to practical implications of strengthening eco-labels communication for sustainable consumption and provides directions towards brands and policymakers.

Student Consumer Behavior in the Age of Social Media Marketing: A Study on Engagement and Purchase Intentions

B Navaneetha, Manoj Prabhakar M — 2026-01-26

Social media has transformed business-customer interactions by opening avenues for businesses to reach out, interact with, and influence target consumers. Bangalore students form a very technology-oriented population that is greatly involved in social media platforms and thus form a critical consumer segment. This study investigates the effects of social media marketing among Bangalore students through their usage patterns on social media platforms, brand engagement, consumer attitudes, and purchasing intentions. The research utilizes a literature-based analytical framework to assess the impact of influencer collaboration, personalized approaches, and ethical implications on student behavior. The findings demonstrate that relatability, authenticity, and interactive content are critical engagement and purchasing drivers. The research advances digital marketing scholarship by providing actionable recommendations for firms to personalize strategies for students in urban Indian settings.

Human Rights Standards in European Courts and Legal Obstacles in Extradition under EU Law

Abhinav kumar — 2026-01-26

This document discusses the impact of the human rights standards on the extradition in the framework of the European Union (EU) law with particular focus on the ongoing shift in the interrelation between the aspects of judicial cooperation and the protection of fundamental rights. Based on the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), and, in particular, Articles 3, 5, and 6 of the same, the paper examines the transformation of the legal scope of extradition by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Court of Justice of the European Union, respectively (CJEU) to ensure that efficiency is not at the expense of human dignity and the right to a fair trial. The article reviews the major transformations in the European Arrest Warrant (EAW) mechanism to the doctrine of non-refoulement, with some of the landmark cases e.g. the Soering v. case. Aranyosi and Caldararau and United Kingdom. It establishes unresolved legal conflicts between mutual recognition, sovereignty and human rights observance, especially in states with rule-of-law or detention issues. Moreover, it discusses the extraterritorial scope of the EU human rights requirements and recent cases in Ukraine and countries of the Eastern Partnership, where the conflict and the absence of stability become obstacles on the way of the fair judicial procedure. The paper concludes that the European extradition law is drifting towards a rights-based approach whereby judicial cooperation and the primacy of human rights are balanced.

Role of Asha Workers as Grassroots Leaders in Strengthening Rural Healthcare in Karnataka, India

Salma Begum, Uma C Swadimath, Shalu Singh — 2026-01-27

The Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) are an integral part of the health system, bridging the gap between the formal healthcare services and communities. This study examines the role of the grassroots leaders in enhancing the rural healthcare services in Karnataka. The study is based on secondary data analysis and an extensive literature review that highlights the distribution of the frontline health workforce and its beneficiaries. Further, a correlation analysis is conducted to assess the strong positive relationship between health workers and beneficiaries, underscoring the importance of workforce allocation for health service equity in rural areas. Further, despite the challenges they face, they have emerged as leaders, with 100 percent of ASHAs being women, efficiently strengthening community health engagement. The paper identifies limitations in research on highlighting ASHA workers' roles as grassroots leaders, especially in Karnataka.

Impact of Corporate Earnings Announcements on Stock Returns: Evidence from the Indian Equity Market

Maharaj Das, Kalyan Das — 2026-01-27

This study investigates the impact of quarterly earnings announcements on stock returns in the Indian equity market, focusing on firms listed under the S&P BSE 500 index. Using the event study methodology over a 10-year period (2015–2024), the research analyzes abnormal returns surrounding earnings announcements and evaluates the market’s adherence to the semi-strong form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). A distinct feature of this study is the classification of earnings announcements into Good News and Bad News to examine asymmetry in market reactions. The findings reveal that earnings announcements generate statistically significant abnormal returns across the full sample, with observable post-announcement drift indicating delayed market adjustment. Furthermore, Good News announcements are met with positive abnormal returns, while Bad News announcements elicit stronger and often anticipatory negative reactions. These asymmetric responses highlight the presence of behavioral biases and information asymmetry in the market. Overall, the persistence of significant abnormal returns after the announcement suggests that the Indian equity market does not fully exhibit semi-strong form efficiency. This study contributes to the literature on market efficiency in emerging economies and offers practical insights for investors, policymakers, and corporate managers regarding the flow of information in the market and the adjustment of stock prices to new information.

Financial implications of ESG adoption: A comparative study of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) impact in IT and Energy sectors

Jahanvi Bhavasar, Megha Shah — 2026-01-27

The purpose of this study is to determine whether and how the financial performance of Indian companies in the IT and energy sectors is impacted by environmental, social, and governance (ESG) integration. The analysis uses correlation and multiple regression techniques to separate the distinct effects of the E, S, and G dimensions on profitability and growth outcomes based on firm-level ESG pillar scores and six performance metrics: return on capital employed, return on equity, return on assets, earnings per share, profit earning growth, and profit growth. Stronger environmental performance is typically linked to higher returns on capital and assets, according to empirical data, while the social pillar is consistently linked to lower short-term profitability and muted earnings and profit growth, indicating costly social commitments that are not immediately offset by financial gains. Tighter governance frameworks seem to limit some accounting-based returns, but they are positively correlated with profit growth and shareholder-oriented metrics, indicating a trend toward more sustainable wealth generation. Overall, the results show that ESG integration in Indian IT and energy companies is marked by significant short-term financial trade-offs along with possible long-term benefits, providing managers, investors, and policymakers with useful information for striking a balance between performance expectations in emerging markets and sustainability goals.

"Strategic Convergence of Advanced Talent Management Practices: Navigating Human Capital Optimization in the IT Sector for Sustained Competitive Advantage"

Sneha R — 2026-01-28

This article delves into the strategic integration of advanced talent management practices within the Information Technology (IT) sector, focusing on their critical role in achieving sustained competitive advantage. As the IT industry faces rapid technological shifts and heightened competition, organizations are increasingly investing in sophisticated human capital optimization methods to attract, develop, and retain top-tier talent. This study explores the convergence of innovative recruitment techniques, adaptive learning and development frameworks, and data-driven performance management systems as key components of a holistic talent strategy. By aligning these practices with business objectives, IT firms can foster a resilient and agile workforce capable of meeting evolving market demands. Through a comprehensive review of current trends and case studies, the article underscores how a strategic approach to talent management can drive innovation, enhance employee engagement, and secure a competitive position in the industry. This work aims to provide actionable insights for HR leaders and IT executives seeking to leverage human capital as a core asset for sustainable growth and organizational success.

The Role of Psychological Safety in Driving Team Creativity

Prashant Sharma, Alka Agnihotri — 2026-01-28

Psychological safety has become a pivotal element affecting team creativity within various organizational settings. This review brings together evidence that teams with higher psychological safety are more likely to share ideas, take risks, and work together to solve problems. Consistently, this relationship gets stronger with supportive leadership, good relationships with others, and strong learning behaviors. The results show that psychological safety improves cognitive integration, emotional trust, and adaptive learning, which are all important factors in creative output. The review also shows how the climate of an organization and the difficulty of a task affect the effects of psychological safety. Psychological safety is both a basic need and a way to get teams to be creative for a long time.

Utilisation Of Government and Nabard Schemes for Financing Agricultural Working Capital and the Implementation Challenges: An Empirical Evidence from Dhule District, Maharashtra

Deepak Suklal Pawar, Rajendra Sinha — 2026-01-28

Ensuring adequate working capital remains a fundamental challenge for Indian farmers, directly affecting agricultural productivity and financial sustainability. In response, NABARD, Central Government, and State Governments have introduced multiple schemes aimed at financing agricultural working capital and enhancing farmers’ financial literacy. However, empirical evidence on actual utilisation and implementation effectiveness remains limited. This study investigates the utilisation of agricultural working-capital schemes and identifies the gaps and challenges affecting their implementation in Dhule District, Maharashtra. Primary data were collected from 419 farmers and 75 institutional stakeholders using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis using SPSS included reliability and validity testing, one-sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, paired-sample t-tests, and chi-square tests. The results reveal that overall utilisation of schemes is statistically insignificant, while substantial operational and procedural gaps significantly hinder effective implementation. The study highlights the need for improved financial literacy delivery, simplified administrative procedures, and stronger grassroots institutional involvement to enhance scheme effectiveness and promote sustainable agricultural development.

Women Entrepreneurship in Rural India: Demographic Factors Acting as An Impediment to Growth with Special Reference to Uttarakhand Region of India

Mohit Lohani, Vaniki Joshi Lohani, Meena Bist — 2026-01-28

It can said that Women play an important role not only in family but also in the upliftment of the economy as the facts state that 45% of successful businesses have female in the leading and decision taking roles. In order to make this process more inclusive Central and State Government together are working in the upliftment of rural women as Women Entrepreneurs. This paper is the part of the central agency funded project which analyzes the status of Women Entrepreneurship in rural areas a key role in making Atma Nirbhar Bharat. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors which are acting as growth impediment so that new policy measures could be taken keeping the following points in mind.

Navigating Uncertainty: Gender Differences in Intolerance of Uncertainty and Suicidal Ideation Among Entrepreneurs in Tripura

Debanjana Mukherjee, Amrita Banerjee — 2026-01-29

This study examines the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and suicidal ideation among entrepreneurs in West Tripura District, India, with a specific focus on gender differences. Entrepreneurship in emerging regional economies is frequently characterized by financial instability, market unpredictability, and limited institutional support, which may intensify psychological distress. Using a cross-sectional correlational design, data were collected from 200 entrepreneurs (100 males and 100 females) selected through purposive sampling. Standardized measures of intolerance of uncertainty and suicidal ideation were administered. Pearson’s product–moment correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association between intolerance of uncertainty and suicidal ideation (r = .41, p < .01). Gender-wise analysis indicated a stronger correlation among male entrepreneurs (r = .52, p < .01) than female entrepreneurs (r = .29, p < .05). Regression analysis further demonstrated that intolerance of uncertainty significantly predicted suicidal ideation, with a stronger predictive effect observed among males. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating mental health considerations into entrepreneurial sustainability frameworks, particularly through gender-sensitive interventions.

UPI Adoption and Fraud Prevention Awareness: A Comparative Study of Digital Payment Literacy Interventions Across Urban and Rural Rajasthan

Himanshu Sharma — 2026-01-29

The present comparative study examines adoption rates of the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and current amounts of fraud-prevention awareness in the urban and rural centers of Rajasthan, and at the same time assesses the effectiveness of digital-payment literacy programs. Using a mixed-method design with 350 participants, the study outlines a slightly high level of urban-rural differences in UPI adoption (82 of 100 versus 54 of 100), in fraud knowledge (71 of 100 versus 38 of 100), and in the efficacy of solutions (7.8 of 10 versus 5.1 of 10). Compared to urban UPI users, where the rate of fraud victimisation is 31% per 100 000, rural UPI users are more victimised (31 000 000:21 000 000). The key results suggest that the socio-economic factors, including education, income, and smartphone literacy, can explain about 69 percent of the adoption, and cultural aspects, including trust, linguistic challenges, and the general level of digital literacy, have a formidable effect on the uptake and the prevention of fraud. QR-code scams, counterfeit apps in payments and stealing UPI PINs are UPI-specific types of fraud, which happen to 43 per cent amongst rural users and 28 per cent among urban users. The study thereby supports the existence of intervention specific intervention measures including training in the vernacular language, Immersive UPI workshops, community-based learning, and integration with the available government programs. Evidence-based guidelines are capable of resolving structures gaps, facilitating collaborations among stakeholders, and advancing situational educational strategies aimed at achieving safety and effective implementation of UPI among various groups of people.

A Comprehensive Study On The Financial Performance Of Hdfc Bank With The Camel Model

P. Venkataiah, P. Durga Rani — 2026-01-29

The banking sector is essential for economic growth since it mobilizes deposits, facilitates credit creation, and ensures financial stability. This research analyzed HDFC Bank's financial performance using the CAMEL framework Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings Quality, and Liquidity during the period from 2019 to 2024. The research used secondary data obtained from HDFC Bank's annual reports, publications from the Reserve Bank of India, and financial databases, which were examined using ratio and trend analysis. The findings demonstrated that HDFC Bank continually maintained robust capital sufficiency, with ratios above regulatory standards, while asset quality markedly improved post-pandemic, as seen by a reduction in non-performing assets. Earnings performance was constant, with consistent profitability and sufficient liquidity levels notwithstanding the increase of the balance sheet after the merger. The research determined that the CAMEL model is an efficacious instrument for assessing banking performance and offers significant insights for regulators, investors, and policymakers.

A Study of the Impact of Social Media on the Social Awareness of Higher Secondary School Students

Anjulta Yadav, Sarita Singh — 2026-01-29

A socially aware individual can easily accept social efforts and norms and can successfully achieve good social adjustment. Social awareness is regarded as the pinnacle and the highest goal of social development; however, individuals may differ from one another in this regard. Compared to introverted individuals, extroverted individuals are found to possess a higher level of social awareness. Consequently, such individuals have more developed social traits and are therefore considered socially aware.

An individual’s social awareness enhances adaptive capacity (Tibbles, 1962). Instability in social awareness leads to poor adjustment in various fields (Hartup, Coats, & Ekstein, 1967). The accuracy of an individual’s social awareness significantly influences adjustment across different areas of life.

On the basis of social awareness, while living in society an individual understands social values, norms, and rules properly and behaves in a balanced manner. This quality is known as social maturity. A child’s development depends on the kind of education and experiences he or she receives in the family, community, and school. In the present research work, the problem has been selected to study the social awareness of secondary school students.

Artificial Intelligence In Hrm : Transforming Talent Management In Hyderabad'S It Industry

Srinivasa Rao Madaka, Bablee Chandra — 2026-01-29

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Human Resource Management (HRM) is revolutionizing the way organizations manage talent, particularly in the IT industry. Hyderabad, as a major IT hub in India, is experiencing rapid advancements in HR practices driven by AI technologies. This study examines how AI is transforming key aspects of talent management, including recruitment, employee development, performance management, and retention in the IT sector. AI-powered tools, such as predictive analytics and machine learning algorithms, are reshaping the recruitment process by enabling more efficient candidate screening, improving the matching of candidates to job roles, and minimizing human bias. These technologies enhance HR professionals' ability to select the most qualified candidates, leading to better hires and reduced turnover rates. Additionally, AI is revolutionizing employee engagement by providing personalized learning and development programs based on data-driven insights, ensuring continuous skill enhancement. AI-powered performance management systems offer real-time feedback, enabling HR departments to track progress, identify areas for improvement, and create personalized growth plans for employees, thereby enhancing productivity and employee satisfaction. Despite the significant benefits, the study also explores the challenges that come with the adoption of AI in HRM, including concerns over data privacy, ethical issues related to automated decision-making, and the risk of dehumanizing employee relations. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of balancing AI technologies with human judgment to maintain fairness and transparency in HR processes. Overall, this research demonstrates the transformative potential of AI in shaping talent management strategies in Hyderabad’s IT industry, while addressing the challenges and ethical considerations that need to be managed for successful implementation.

Customer Experience Design in the Era of Cashless Transactions

Samba Shalini, Nilambari Sanjekar — 2026-01-29

In the age of cashless transactions, customer experience design has progressed to emphasise smooth, secure, and personalised interactions. The transfer from physical payments to digital platforms necessitates a reevaluation of touchpoints to guarantee seamless integration across mobile, online, and in-store interactions. Organisations must innovate by using sophisticated technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics to augment convenience, establish trust, and elevate consumer pleasure. This shift compels firms to develop intuitive interfaces, minimise friction, and provide real-time support, while tackling issues pertaining to privacy, security, and user acceptance in the more digital financial environment. The Unified Payments Interface The shift to a cashless world has altered the manner in which people and enterprises conduct financial transactions. The advantages and obstacles of cashless transactions compel consumers to use and depend on them in the absence of actual currency. Increased security and accuracy will result in the substitution of cashless transactions for real currency. In 2016, the Prime Minister introduced the BHIM UPI program to promote digital payments, aiming to transition the economy to a cashless system and eliminate black money.India has not fully implemented it; nonetheless, the use of digital payments has risen among users.The transaction process, facilitated by a connection to the banks of both the payer and receiver, has streamlined transactions. It is crucial for each individual to maintain a personal identification number (PIN), which restricts unauthorised attempts to execute transactions without the correct PIN. Numerous nations are endeavouring to substitute traditional physical transaction methods with digital payment systems, which facilitate the tracking and documentation of each transaction. The primary problem with cashless payments is the need to recall every little transaction conducted by each user.The report emphasises the need of tackling security and technological obstacles, safeguarding data privacy, and enhancing awareness and education to facilitate wider adoption.

Exploring Consumer Narratives On Government-Led Secondary Financial Services: Insights From Public And Private Sector Banks In India

M. Anuradha, Satyanarayana Gardasu — 2026-01-29

There is a paradigm shift in the Indian banking sector, particularly in the digital payments ecosystem, driven by government-led initiatives such as UPI, BHIM, and RuPay. These initiatives have reshaped the financial landscape by extending technology to serve consumers through ATMs, credit cards, mobile banking, internet banking, and telebanking. This transformation has reduced the number of consumer visits to banks physically and provided them with an easy and convenient mode of their financial transaction. The financial institutions, such as banks, are facing many challenges in satisfying their consumers and attracting new customers to meet their financial needs and expectations. The present study focuses on various government initiatives aimed at promoting secondary financial services and investigates the consumer perception of secondary financial services initiated by the government. Since the consumers of public sector banks have different opinions when compared with those of the consumers of private sector banks, a study is undertaken to compare and analyse the consumer perception of government initiatives in the adoption of secondary financial services. To investigate consumer awareness and examine their perception towards the availability and accessibility of secondary financial services, a survey questionnaire was designed, and an interview was conducted with 101 respondents. Both qualitative and quantitative data are collected, and primary data is analysed through SPSS software. A mixed-method approach is employed to analyse the data, and the guidance of the UTAUT framework was used theoretically to interpret the findings and to gain qualitative insights to understand the factors influencing consumer perception of government-led secondary financial services in India. The findings of the study revealed that the public sector banks are highly reliable and are closely aligned with the priorities of the government, whereas private sector banks are meant for innovations in technology and are more into customer-centric services. Therefore, institutional collaboration is suggested to enhance financial inclusion and innovation. The research contributes to the ongoing debate on consumer trust, digital adoption and aims to guide future policy decisions, offer marketing strategies, and promote financial inclusion in the banking sector of India.

Mind Over Market: How Behavioural Finance Shape Individual Investment Choices

Mitesh Kadakia, Satyanarayana Gardasu — 2026-01-29

The study "Mind Over Market: How Behavioral Finance Shapes Individual Investment Choices" explores the psychological factors influencing investors' decisions. Unlike traditional financial theories assuming rational decision-making, behavioral finance examines biases such as overconfidence, loss aversion, and herd behavior. These biases often lead individuals to make irrational choices, deviating from optimal financial strategies. By analyzing investor behavior through these lenses, the study highlights the impact of emotions and cognitive errors on market outcomes. The research underscores the importance of understanding these psychological factors to improve investment strategies and promote more rational decision-making in the financial markets. Every human choice is fundamentally influenced by individual perception; hence, psychology significantly impacts all decisions, including those in finance and investment. Behavioral finance is the discipline that examines the influence of psychology on financial decision-making, particularly the cognitive shortcuts and biases individuals possess. In contrast to conventional finance, which is grounded in logic and rationality, behavioral finance takes into account emotions and intuition. In summary, conventional finance pertains to rational thought, while behavioral finance relates to emotional influences.This report examines how people make investing choices. The research examines the origins of judgment and decision-making, along with the associated biases. Do individuals choose for more rational investing options or those influenced by psychological biases . This paper examines the difficulty modern individual investors face in applying the well-established principles of traditional finance theories to their decision-making processes, potentially due to psychological barriers or cognitive heuristics. Numerous individual investors prioritize their heuristics above established orthodox ideas, maybe stemming from self-assurance or excessive faith in their heuristics. Investment choices are sometimes driven by the investor's intuition, which may be irrational and may result in losses. Behavioral finance seeks to connect human psychology with financial principles. Nonetheless, it remains in its nascent phase in India, although is rapidly gaining traction. This research will examine the trigger points in the investor decision-making process and seek to comprehend the inconsistencies within neo-classical theories.

Performance Evaluation of Development Financial Institutions - A Case Study of KSSIDC

Ramesha .M.C, Latha .T, Gule Ariffa — 2026-01-29

This research carries out an extensive assessment of the financial performance of the Karnataka State Small Industries Development Corporation Ltd. (KSSIDC). This study exclusively uses secondary data from the company's annual reports covering eight years, from FY 2015-16 to 2022-23, and applies ratio analysis to evaluate profitability, operational efficiency, and financial stability. The research presents two aims: to examine the patterns in essential financial ratios and to assess the company's general financial well-being. A key hypothesis is evaluated, suggesting that there is no notable trend in KSSIDC's profitability throughout the study period. The approach includes computing essential financial ratios and using simple linear regression to assess a meaningful trend in the Return on Capital Employed (ROCE). The results show a statistically significant downward trend in profitability, even with strengths in operational turnover. The hypothesis testing results in rejecting the null hypothesis, suggesting that the decline in profitability over the eight years is substantial and not merely due to random variation. The research ends with recommendations for decision-makers and management to adopt strategic measures aimed at improving financial sustainability.

A Review of factors impeding the adoption of AI and Blockchain in the Indian Logistics Ecosystem, thus Bridging the Digital Divide

Prashant Prem Dwivedi, Shrikesh Poojari — 2026-01-30

Logistics is the backbone of businesses across the world. Efficiency in logistics leads to measurable efficiency and has a major impact on the economy of a country. The Indian logistics sector has been in focus in recent times and policy-driven upgrades are underway. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain Technology (BT) are the main driving forces in this upgradation. Despite a strong economic foundation, and a projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.7% until 2026 (Government of India, 2025), the logistics industry faces a paradox: high technological potential is severely undermined by low, uneven adoption rates (Nicolas de Bellefonds et al., 2024). This study uses a systematic literature review and the integrated Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) and Task-Technology Fit (TTF) frameworks (Wong, S et al., 2024) to understand the critical barriers slowing down the deployment of AI and BT. The primary findings reveal that the most critical adoption barriers are organizational and environmental, and not technological. Specifically, the organizational dimension is stunted by the high economic friction within the heavily fragmented Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector (Amit Kapoor et al., 2025), which face immense capital expenditure demands (Li et al., 2024) and limited access to formal credit (a credit gap estimated at 24%) (SIDBI, 2025). Environmentally, the lack of standardized data protocols (Yadlapalli A, Rahman S, Gopal P (2022; Kaur, J., et al., 2022), lack of regulations regarding Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) governance (NITI Aayog, 2020), and continuous physical infrastructure deficits (NLDSL, n.d.) together erode the perceived value and trustworthiness of these technologies. The analysis discovers that a strategic digital divide exists, wherein policy efforts like the Unified Logistics Interface Platform (ULIP) are pulled down by bottom-up operational resistance stemming from financial fragility and human capital deficits (NITI Aayog, 2025; NLDSL, n.d.). The study proposes strategic recommendations, advocating operational expenditure (OpEx) models, compulsory data standardization, and timely regulatory clarity concerning DLT legal frameworks (NITI Aayog, 2020) to ensure India’s digital transformation efforts bear measurable improvements in logistics efficiency and cost reduction (currently 7.97% of GDP) (DPIIT/NCAER, 2025; ITLN, 2025).

Impact of On-the-Job training in Enhancing Motivation and Workplace Performance in Education Sector- An Empirical Study

Laxmidhar Biswal — 2026-01-30

Training is a continuous learning process which plays a vital role in strengthening both employee capability and organizational effectiveness. In the education sector, where knowledge creation and dissemination are central activities, employee motivation and workplace performance are key contributors to institutional success. On-the-job training (OJT) is increasingly recognized as an effective human resource development practice that facilitates learning while performing job-related tasks. This empirical study investigates the impact of on-the-job training on employee motivation and workplace performance in the education sector. On-the-job training enables employees to acquire practical skills, enhance job-related knowledge, and develop positive work attitudes through real-time experience. Beyond skill enhancement, OJT acts as a motivational mechanism by addressing employees’ psychological and professional needs such as recognition, responsibility, job security, and opportunities for self-development. When employees perceive training as relevant and supportive, it strengthens job satisfaction, commitment, and performance outcomes. The study highlights that educational institutions cannot achieve academic excellence or operational efficiency without a motivated and competent workforce. Rapid changes in teaching methodologies, digital learning platforms, and administrative processes demand continuous skill upgradation among educators and non-teaching staff. Effective on-the-job training programs help employees adapt to these changes, align individual performance with institutional goals, and maintain a positive work environment. In contrast, insufficient training opportunities and lack of motivational support may lead to dissatisfaction, low morale, and reduced productivity. This research examines key variables including the effectiveness of on-the-job training, employee motivation, job satisfaction, and workplace performance. The findings indicate a strong positive relationship between structured, need-based on-the-job training programs and employee performance. Continuous training enhances employees’ confidence, competence, and sense of belonging, which in turn contributes to improved productivity and overall organizational performance. The study concludes that educational institutions should strategically invest in well-designed on-the-job training initiatives that are aligned with employee needs and organizational objectives. By integrating training with motivational practices, institutions can enhance employee performance, strengthen workplace engagement, and achieve sustainable growth in an increasingly competitive educational environment.

Efficiency Dynamics of Indian Public Sector Banks post-liberalisation: A DEA and Tobit Analysis (1991-2024)

Mohsin Kamal, Imran Moazzam, Jahangir Chauhan — 2026-01-30

This study examines the operational efficiency and reform-induced performance dynamics of Indian public sector banks in the post-liberalisation era. We use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) under Constant and Variable Returns to Scale to evaluate the trends in technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency over the period 1991-2024, with particular emphasis on the impact of large-scale bank mergers. A second-stage Tobit regression model is employed to identify the financial determinants influencing efficiency scores during 1996-2024. The results reveal persistent input-oriented inefficiencies in the pre-merger period, followed by a marked improvement in efficiency and convergence among banks after consolidation. Capital adequacy emerges as the most significant positive determinant of efficiency, highlighting the role of strong capitalisation in enhancing operational performance. In contrast, return on assets exhibits a statistically significant and negative association with efficiency, while bank size shows a negative but statistically insignificant relationship. The findings provide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of banking reforms and consolidation policies in improving the efficiency of public sector banks in India, and offer policy-relevant insights for strengthening resilience, resource allocation, and long-term stability in the public banking system.

Rape Survivors’ Rights under International Human Rights Standards and the Indian Legal Framework: A Critical Review

Shrutikirti Tripathi, Anju Pandey — 2026-01-31

Rape is a grave violation of human dignity and bodily autonomy, constituting a serious breach of fundamental human rights such as the right to life, equality, and freedom from cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment. Survivors of sexual violence often endure not only severe physical and psychological trauma but also long-term social, economic, and emotional consequences. In addition to personal suffering, they frequently encounter systemic barriers in accessing justice, healthcare, legal assistance, and rehabilitation services due to institutional insensitivity, social stigma, and procedural delays.

This paper critically examines the rights of rape survivors under international human rights standards and the Indian legal framework. It analyses key international instruments such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the UN Declaration on Victims of Crime, and compares them with Indian constitutional provisions, statutory laws, and judicial responses. The study evaluates how far India has aligned its domestic laws with international obligations to ensure survivor dignity, privacy, access to justice, and effective remedies. The paper concludes with practical recommendations to strengthen survivor rights through legal reforms, institutional accountability, gender-sensitive training, and a rights-based approach to justice aimed at restoring dignity, trust, and meaningful access to justice for survivors of sexual violence.

Sustainable Finance in India: A Review of ESG Investment Instruments, Policies, and Challenges

Sakshi Singh, Dr. Teena Hassija — 2026-02-02

Sustainable finance has been studied as a key pillar in the way the Indian economy is shifting to a low-carbon and inclusive one. In this paper, the author is going to review fast movement of the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investment tools, new policy mechanisms, and issues in implementation during the period 2020-2025. It implies the role of India in maintaining its financial environment in line with sustainability objectives based on the academic and regulatory reports and the official publications by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). The analysis lists significant ESG products, including green bonds, ESG mutual funds, green deposits, and sustainability-linked loans, other regulatory milestones, including Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR) framework and Sovereign Green Bonds.

The results indicate that the scope of sustainable finance is growing in India due to the increasing investor interest and new policy frameworks. However, the industry is burdened with such long-term challenges as inconsistency of data, disparity in ESG ratings, and a lack of financial literacy. The research paper will add to the Business 5.0 discussion by emphasizing the opportunities behind technology-based ESG monitoring, e-finance-based democratization of sustainable investment.

Perception of Risk and Credit Appraisal Practices among Loan Officers of Public Sector Banks in Meerut Division

Shreya Panwar, Sugand Tyagi — 2026-02-02

This study has discussed the connection between risk perception and credit appraisal practice by loan officers of the public sector banks (PSBs) in Meerut Division of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. The aim of the study was to examine the role of the professional experience of officers on their knowledge of the lending risk and the diligence of their credit appraisal conduct. It was a quantitative, descriptive, and inferential study, where data gathered in form of a structured questionnaire was used on officers in the major PSBs. The results showed that the loan officers, in general, proved to be highly aware of credit risk, and aligned with appraisal standards. More mature officers were more sensitive to risk and their appraisal practices were more systematic, which emphasizes the role of exposure to professional practices in decision-making. The study found a positive relationship between risk perception and credit appraisal rigor, which proved that behavioural and experiential factors have a contingent influence on lending practices. The study shows despite digital tools and regulatory reforms contributing to procedural soundness, human judgment, experience and behavioural training are the core of the process of effective credit risk management in the banking of the public sector.

“Juvenile Justice and Child Rights: A Critical Study in the Context of India & International Human Rights Standards”

Kiran Bagana, Shyam Singh — 2026-02-02

Children's rights are not limited to legal terminology alone, but represent a moral responsibility of every society and nation to uphold and implement them. International solidarity and cooperation among nations are crucial, not only for the well-being of children but also for recognizing their future as citizens of the world. Protecting and respecting children's rights is not merely a national responsibility but a universal one. International treaties, declarations, and guidelines promise that every child should receive their human rights and live a safe, educated, and fulfilling life.

This research chapter analyzes the history, development, and philosophy of child rights and juvenile justice systems at the international level. It examines why and how children are treated differently, even when the nature of the offense is the same. International declarations, treaties, and guidelines proclaimed over time – particularly the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989 – have shifted juvenile justice from a punitive approach to one based on reform, welfare, and rights.

This research also analyzes how current human rights principles, which have evolved from the 'parens patriae' principle, prioritize the protection, welfare, dignity, respect, and social integration of juveniles. Furthermore, it sheds light on the impact of international standards on Indian juvenile justice law, particularly the enactment of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. This study concludes that the success of the juvenile justice system lies not merely in enacting laws, but in their humane, scientific, and effective implementation and enforcement.

Blockchain and Financial Inclusion in India: A New Era for the Unbanked

Tanuj Kumar Yadav — 2026-02-02

The economic growth of rural India relies heavily on connecting isolated villages to both local and international supply chains. Unfortunately, widespread financial exclusion in these rural areas prevents many communities from actively participating in such networks. This paper reviews the existing literature on financial inclusion, blockchain technology, and technology use in India, and highlights that overcoming financial exclusion in rural India requires addressing four major challenges: geographic isolation, high costs, mismatched banking products, and widespread financial illiteracy. We propose that blockchain technology holds great promise in tackling most of these challenges. However, for blockchain to truly contribute to financial inclusion efforts, it is essential to understand how technology adoption works in India. To foster this understanding, we present a research agenda focusing on factors influencing adoption, the patterns of technology adoption, and the outcomes associated with blockchain implementation. Addressing these areas of research will lead to a better understanding of how blockchain can be effectively adopted in rural India. From a practical perspective, this paper explores how blockchain can help reduce financial exclusion, ultimately paving the way for rural communities to participate in global supply chains. On a theoretical level, it identifies critical knowledge gaps that must be filled to achieve comprehensive financial inclusion for people living in rural areas of India.

Talent Management Practices and Organizational Performance – Challenges & Opportunities

Paras Gupta, Dr. Gaurav Jaiswal — 2026-02-02

In the modern-day business environment, various organizations increasingly identify human capital as a critical foundation of competitive advantage. Talent management (TM) incorporates strategic actions such as appealing, developing, encouraging & retaining trained employees. Effective talent management practices (TMP) not only improve workforce engagement but also contribute directly to organizational performance (OP). Despite its significance, many organizations face various challenges in executing talent management practices (TMP), altogether talent shortages, budget restraints & resistance to change. Concurrently, opportunities such as employee planning, analytics-based PMS & leadership learning & development provide paths for improvement. Talent management (TM) has now become a strategic importance for organizations looking for sustained performance & competitiveness. This research examines the influence of talent management practices (TMP) on organizational performance (OP) while recognizing major challenges as well as opportunities. By using primary data gathered from 311 employees from organizations, statistical tools such as descriptive test analysis, reliability test, correlation- regression test, chi-square test, ANOVA analysis, multicollinearity diagnostics test & Spearman rank correlation analysis test were applied. The outcomes disclose a strong & positive relationship between talent management practices (TMP) & organizational performance (OP), with T&D evolving as the utmost influential factor. The research concludes that addressing talent management related challenges through tactical opportunities can significantly improve organizational outcomes.

Multilingualism and Identity in Postcolonial Literature: A Study of Indian English Novels

Dr. R. Rohini,Dr. C. Shanmuga Priya — 2026-02-03

Multilingualism enjoys a dominant place in the postcolonial literary discourse, especially in Indian English novels, in which language is not just a means of expression, but also an identity, source of power, as well as a negotiation of culture. In this paper, the author will explore the multifaceted nature of the connection between multilingualism and identity formation in the selected Indian English novels created during the postcolonial era. Based on postcolonial theory and sociolinguistic views, the paper examines how authors tactfully use indigenous language, code switching, untranslated words, and expressions which convey cultural expressions in English texts to express hybrid identities, influenced by the colonial past and the modern social truths.

The study takes a qualitative textual approach to the representative novels by the leading Indian English authors, in terms of narrative voice, character development, and diction. The results indicate that multilingualism is a literary device to fight the language homogenization at the colonial English and also to rebrand English as a local and plural language. With language mixture, authors depict characters who balance the traditional and modern, region and nation, and individual memory and national history.

Also, the paper identifies the problem of multilingual narration that disrupts the hegemonic Western literary standards through foregrounding native epistemologies and cultural backgrounds. Language turns into a place of self-identification, and it allows marginalized voices to reestablish control and express the experiences based on a particular socio-cultural place. According to the argument of the paper, the Indian English novels are not just echoing the multilingual realities but they are constructing new literary identity, beyond the strict language borders.

By placing multilingualism at the center of the postcolonial identity formation, the given research will aid in the further comprehension of the Indian English literature as a space of interaction between cultures, language creation, and identity reinforcement in the postcolonial world.

GST 2.0 as a Catalyst for Structural Transformation in India’s Tax Administration

Ruchi Gupta, Bhavyashree BM, Jayashree Tambad — 2026-02-03

The Goods and Services Tax (GST) represent one of the most significant structural reforms in India’s fiscal and constitutional landscape, aimed at unifying a fragmented indirect tax system and strengthening the national market. While the initial phase of GST succeeded in subsuming multiple central and state taxes, its implementation exposed structural complexities, compliance burdens, and administrative inefficiencies that constrained its transformative potential. Against this backdrop, GST 2.0 has emerged as an evolutionary reform agenda focused on structural rationalisation, technology-enabled compliance, and facilitative tax governance. This paper examines GST 2.0 as a catalyst for structural transformation in India’s tax administration from a legal and public policy perspective. It analyses the conceptual and constitutional foundations of GST 2.0, reviews contemporary academic and policy literature, and evaluates its implications for compliance mechanisms, economic formalisation, revenue mobilisation, and cooperative federalism. The study argues that GST 2.0 marks a critical shift from a revenue-centric and control-oriented tax framework toward a simplified, transparent, and trust-based governance model. By strengthening institutional stability, reducing administrative discretion, and leveraging digital technologies, GST 2.0 has the potential to enhance tax certainty, improve compliance legitimacy, and support India’s long-term economic and constitutional objectives.

Examining the Interplay of Commute Stress, Work Schedules, Coping Mechanism, and Performance

Sambhaji Hindurao Kumbhar, Navneesh Tyagi — 2026-02-03

Stress has become a pervasive phenomenon in today’s fast-paced and competitive work environment. It has significant impacts on the performance outcomes. Any fluctuation in performance not only affects individual employees but also the operational efficiency and reputation of the organization. Stress is a multifaceted construct that stems from various sources, including job demands, organizational culture, and the personal life. In this study, the interactive quality of work schedules, coping mechanism, Commuting Stress, and Performance are included in relation to the organizational productivity and employee’s wellness. The sample involved working professionals from different industries. The standardized scale, self-reported metrics and supervisor evaluations were used to gather data. It is a descriptive study estimating statistical correlations among these variables. Findings of the study revealed the interaction between psychological and structural variables in the workplace operation when examined through the holistic approach. The research contributes to the existing knowledge by identifying and examining the mediating paths through which everyday stresses influence performance. It also highlights the specific stressors faced by employees from different demographics and the coping mechanisms they use. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews is used to provide actionable insights to enhance employee well-being and institutional productivity. It helps in understanding the dynamics of stress and design targeted interventions, such as stress management programs, organizational reforms, and support systems. This investigation is not only timely but also critical, as it contributes to the broader discourse on employee well-being and performance, offering valuable implications for policy and practice across these interrelated dimensions.

“Understanding Advertising Mix Effectiveness: A Bibliometric Mapping of Research Themes with Strategic Insights for Jewellery and Luxury Brands”

Mr. Dheeraj Rajgonda Patil — 2026-02-05

This study develops a structured overview of the intellectual foundations, thematic evolution and emerging research trajectories within advertising mix effectiveness literature, with particular emphasis on managerial relevance for jewellery and luxury brands.

A bibliometric research design was adopted using peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in the Scopus database. Keyword co-occurrence analysis, overlay visualization and density mapping were performed using VOSviewer to identify dominant research clusters, temporal developments and areas of scholarly concentration.

A Study On The Role Of India’s Digital Payment Systems In Shaping Consumer Purchase Decisions

R.Logambal, Girivasuki K, S. Parthiban, P.Ananthi — 2026-02-05

The study examines the role of India’s digital payment systems in shaping consumer purchase decisions across demographic segments. The rapid adoption of platforms such as UPI, mobile wallets, and card-based payments has transformed retail behaviour by reducing transaction friction, offering personalised incentives, and expanding financial accessibility. Using structured questionnaires and responses from 200 consumers, the study identifies the key factors influencing digital payment adoption, including convenience, cash back and promotional benefits, spending flexibility, personalisation, and security perceptions. Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance indicates a statistically significant but moderate level of agreement among respondents regarding these influencing factors. The cross-tabulation and Chi-Square test further reveal that the level of behavioural impact varies significantly by age, with younger consumers reporting a lower influence and middle-aged and older consumers displaying stronger responsiveness to digital payment features. Overall, the findings suggest that digital payment systems have evolved beyond a transactional mechanism to a behavioural catalyst that increasingly shapes purchasing frequency, merchant choice, and spending intensity.

Impact of Sustainable Healthcare Policies on Profitability of Private Hospitals in India

Pankaj Kumar Bharti, Ratandeep Kaur — 2026-02-05

The ability of Indian private healthcare system to deliver healthcare services is an important part of delivering healthcare in this country, however, the development of sustainable delivery models like Ayushman Bharat, green hospital initiative and CSR requirements coming from corporations pose both challenges and opportunities for financial success for this industry. This paper uses a systematic review of secondary data to look into the effects of sustainable practices on profitability of private Indian hospitals. This study uses thematic synthesis of government reports, big hospitals financial reports and published research work from the years 2015 to 2024 to examine revenue dynamics, financial impact and regional variations. There are many evidences which shows that although there is increase in operating expenditure due to sustainable healthcare policies but in long run it boosts profitability by enhanced patient volume and goodwill. This study analyses the combined financial impact of various sustainable policies like Ayushman Bharat, CSR rules and green initiatives. The study highlights the urgent need for evidence-based policy responses in encouraging private healthcare fiscal sustainability. The results are useful blueprints for hospital managers and policymakers who care to balance sustainability with economic profitability in India's healthcare industry.

Predicting Mutual Fund Performance using CAPM and Machine Learning Algorithms

G.Geetha — 2026-02-05

This paper examines whether combining the traditional Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) framework with modern machine learning (ML) algorithms improves the prediction of mutual fund performance and the identification of funds likely to generate positive risk-adjusted returns. We compare CAPM-based ex-post performance measures (e.g., Jensen’s alpha) with ML models (random forests, gradient boosting, neural networks, and ensemble stacking) using a multi-country sample of equity mutual funds between 2010–2023. Machine learning models exploit fund characteristics, flows, and past performance to improve out-of-sample predictions and the construction of tradable portfolios that aim to earn positive alpha net of fees. Our results show ML approaches generate superior out-of-sample classification of top decile funds and modest net alphas in long-short portfolios, while CAPM remains a robust baseline for risk-adjustment and interpretability. We discuss implementation caveats, look-ahead bias, survivorship bias, transaction costs, and feature stability and propose a hybrid workflow that uses CAPM measures as targets / features in ML models for better interpretability and regulatory compliance.

The Role of Social Media in Crisis Communication: An Indian Perspective on the Impact of Twitter (X) on Public Perception during Natural Disasters

Garima Rai, Kumar Ambar Pandey — 2026-02-06

The rapid expansion of digital communication technologies has fundamentally transformed crisis communication practices in India, particularly in the context of natural disasters. Social media platforms have emerged as crucial spaces for real-time information dissemination, public engagement, and narrative construction. Among these platforms, Twitter (recently rebranded as X) occupies a distinctive position due to its immediacy, interactive architecture, and extensive use by government institutions, media organisations, civil society actors, and citizens. This study examines the role of Twitter in shaping public perception during natural disasters in India, with specific focus on its agenda-setting, framing, and participatory functions.

Leveraging E-Marketing for Sugarcane By-Product Commercialization: A Comprehensive Review

Priyanshu Jain, Pankaj Kumar Bharti — 2026-02-06

Agriculture is the main source of income for a large part of the Indian population. Directly or indirectly, they are dependent on agriculture. Not only this, agriculture also contributes to the Indian economy. In the last few years, there has been a revolution in the agriculture sector through the Internet. Through e-marketing, emphasis has been laid on connecting farmers to markets, customers, presenting their products to customers and establishing themselves as entrepreneurs. The advancement of technology has helped farmers to know information about markets; price information and information related to the behavior of their customers.Yet farmers have never been able to learn to use it properly. As we know farmers are like the backbone of India, hence we cannot even imagine without them. These platforms have been created for farmers only so that their income can increase.Farmers can operate these e-marketing platforms from their phones.

A Study On Impact Of Corporate Governance On Financial Performance Of Companies Listed In Nse- Nifty Fifty

Naveen.S, Hemanth Kumar.V — 2026-02-06

Corporate governance has become an essential factor in determining firm success and sustainability in the modern business environment. As businesses expand and globalize, governance mechanisms play a crucial role in ensuring transparency, accountability, and ethical decision-making, thereby influencing the long-term financial stability and growth of organizations. The study evaluates the implications of ownership concentration on financial metrics such as Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE), assessing whether firms with dispersed ownership demonstrate better financial performance and investor confidence. Regulatory frameworks such as the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements (LODR) mandate specific transparency standards for listed firms. This study assesses the extent to which transparent disclosure practices correlate with financial stability, market valuation, and shareholder returns in the NSE Nifty Fifty companies. The findings will not only enhance academic understanding but also offer practical implications for companies seeking to optimize governance frameworks and achieve long-term growth. Strengthening governance practices in Indian firms is imperative to fostering a more transparent, efficient, and investor-friendly business environment, ultimately contributing to economic development and financial stability in the region.

Levelling The Playing Field: Leveraging AI-Driven Recruitment to Mitigate Motherhood Discrimination

Chaitali Wadhwa, Shaharyar Asaf Khan — 2026-02-07

Motherhood discrimination remains a persistent issue in workplaces worldwide, with women often facing biases, unfair treatment, and limited career opportunities due to their reproductive and caregiving responsibilities. Despite legal protections, working mothers continue to face significant biases and barriers in hiring, promotion, and training. This research explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to mitigate this form of gender bias. The authors establish the relationship between gendered roles and the public-private dichotomy that has fostered the growth of pregnancy and motherhood discrimination in the workplace. The paper further analyses how AI can be leveraged to create a fairer hiring and promotion landscape. It discusses the potential applications of AI in resume screening and job interview analysis. The paper also identifies the potential algorithmic biases associated with the use of AI to mitigate motherhood discrimination and addresses the ethical considerations and potential limitations of using AI for this purpose. The significance of this paper lies in bridging the gap between traditional anti-discrimination strategies and cutting-edge technological interventions to provide new insights and strategies to tackle discriminatory practices against working mothers, which has far-reaching consequences for individuals, organisations, and society as a whole. The findings suggest that while AI holds promise for reducing overt discrimination, significant challenges remain in addressing more subtle biases and ensuring AI systems themselves do not perpetuate existing inequities.

Bridging the Gap: The Mediating Role of Satisfaction in Shaping Perceptions of the National Pension Scheme (NPS)

Dharmaraja, Kundan Basavaraj, Sunil S — 2026-02-07

This study addresses the limited active engagement with the National Pension Scheme (NPS) in India despite widespread enrollment. It examines how psychological and scheme-related factors—awareness, scheme attractiveness, institutional trust, and risk aversion—affect employee satisfaction, which in turn shapes overall perception. Using a combined theoretical framework of Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), 342 state-sector employees in Karnataka were surveyed using a cross-sectional design. PLS-SEM analysis showed that satisfaction was positively influenced by awareness, scheme attractiveness, and institutional trust, but negatively by risk aversion. Satisfaction fully mediated the effects of institutional trust and risk aversion, and partially mediated awareness and scheme attractiveness. These findings highlight the importance of creating positive user experiences to translate attitudes into lasting perceptions. The study offers policy implications for user-focused interventions and contributes empirically to theoretical models of mediation in public financial schemes.

Digital Payment System: A Comprehensive Study of Emotional, Cultural, And Religious Barriers to Mobile Payment Adoption in India

Amit Aggarwal, Mohit Rastogi — 2026-02-09

Cash still has a significant hold on many aspects of Indian society, despite the country's remarkable acceptance of digital payments over the past ten years due to fintech breakthroughs, ubiquitous smartphone use, and concerted government measures. This study examines the more profound sociocultural, emotional, and theological factors that underlie people's continued desire for cash despite the development of sophisticated digital infrastructure.

Even with the quick rise of UPI-based apps, mobile wallets, and QR-based payment methods, a sizeable portion of Indians still use cash transactions, particularly in situations that are strongly tied to custom, emotion, and religion. This study focuses on the little-known behavioral and cultural factors that contribute to the deliberate avoidance or distaste for digital payments in particular contexts, including religious contributions, weddings, gift-giving traditions, and sentimental interpersonal transactions, despite their accessibility and availability.

In Indian temples, for example, the majority of followers prefer to show their devotion by giving priests and deities cash offerings, or Dakshina. Giving money in person is regarded as a sacred act that is connected to spiritual and emotional intentions and cannot be replicated by digital payments. Similarly, it is traditional to present Shagun (monetary blessings) in cash envelopes during marriages. This procedure is a cultural ritual that has been carried down through the generations, not just a transaction. In order to show affection and blessings in a material way, family members frequently give cash to youngsters or young family members. Furthermore, digital payments are either inaccessible, unwanted, or viewed as improper when helping beggars or paying traditional service providers like pandits, barbers, or employees in rural areas.

The study used a mixed-method approach, integrating primary insights from surveys and interviews with secondary data from papers and journals. These comprise answers from people in a variety of age groups, religious backgrounds, and urban/rural locations. The results show that the main reasons why people continue to use cash in these situations are emotional comfort, generational patterns, lack of digital literacy, trust concerns with technology, and the symbolic value of actual money.
The goal of this study is to refute the simplistic claim that digital adoption is solely a technological or infrastructure issue. Rather, it asserts that psychological and sociocultural elements are crucial in shaping financial behavior. Digital education and regulatory changes can hasten the adoption of digital technology, but they must take into account the cultural values and individual feelings that influence daily financial transactions.

The report concludes by emphasizing that India's transition to a fully digital economy must take into account the emotional and cultural factors that are entwined with the use of cash. In order to develop inclusive financial systems that go "beyond infrastructure" and address the human factors that actually affect adoption, it is imperative that these hurdles be recognized and respected. Governments, fintech firms, and social academics are among the stakeholders urged by the study to include cultural sensitivity in the planning and execution of upcoming digital payment systems.

Do Integrated Supply Chains Improve Agricultural Marketing? A Quantitative Study Of Tribal Vegetable Farmers

Ashutosh Korkara, Kishore Kumar Das — 2026-02-10

This study examines the impact of supply chain integration on vegetable marketing performance among tribal farmers in the Koraput district of Odisha, India. The research focuses on how different dimensions of supply chain integration influence farmers’ market outcomes in a region characterized by infrastructural constraints and limited market access. The study adopts a quantitative research design using primary data collected from 800 tribal vegetable farmers through a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. Five independent variables, namely perception of supply chain practices, role of intermediaries, cold storage and infrastructure availability, use of supply chain management tools, and technology adoption, are analyzed in relation to vegetable marketing performance. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis are employed for data analysis. The results reveal that supply chain management tools, perception of supply chain practices, and technology adoption have a strong and statistically significant positive impact on vegetable marketing performance. Cold storage and infrastructure availability also contribute significantly, while the role of intermediaries shows a comparatively weaker influence.
The findings highlight the need for farmer-centric, technology-enabled supply chain interventions to enhance marketing efficiency and income sustainability in tribal regions. The study provides region-specific empirical evidence from a tribal-dominated agricultural context, contributing to the literature on inclusive agricultural supply chains.

Problems And Challenges Faced By Companies With Traditional To Fintech Based Technology In Bangalore City

Anita Rajendran, Y.Venkata Rangaiah — 2026-02-11

The paper investigated the issues and obstacles encountered by enterprises in Bangalore City during the shift from traditional to fintech-based technologies. The research employs an integrated method, including informal discussions with business leaders along with a poll that is directed at important decision-makers in several sectors. The methodology focuses on identifying key factors such as organizational readiness, technological infrastructure, financial constraints, and employee training as major barriers to fintech adoption. Results indicate that companies face significant challenges in integrating fintech solutions with legacy systems, securing adequate financial investment, and overcoming employee resistance to change. Furthermore, regulatory hurdles and the need for specialized skills emerged as critical factors influencing the success of fintech adoption. The conclusion emphasises that acceptance of fintech can improve operational efficiency and consumer happiness, overcoming these barriers requires a proactive strategy, robust training programs, and an organizational culture that fosters innovation. This study provides valuable insights for companies looking to navigate the complexities of transitioning to fintech-based solutions.

Decoding the VRS Wave: A case study of factors Influencing MTNL Employees’ Decisions Across Age Groups

Sandeep Kumar, Priyanka Singh — 2026-02-12

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) is an Indian state-owned telecommunications company that runs their operation in Delhi and Mumbai. In year 2019, MTNL launched a Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS) for employees aged 50 and more. The focus of VRS was to reduce the financial constrains of the salaries and there was a need to downsize and streamline the workforce. Around 75% employees opted for VRS. This acceptance rate of VRS was remarkable within the organisations. In this study, we demonstrates how employees of MTNL Delhi decided to go for VRS and what factors influenced them to arrive at VRS decision making process. This study investigates these factors between two age group of retirees that are 50 to 55 years and over 55 years respectively. The main focus of the study is on the aspects of Financial Readiness and Stability, Age-Related Bias and Workplace Perceptions, Skills and Career Transition and Healthcare and Medicare considerations Benefits between these two age group retirees which ultimately influenced them for early retirement. Apart from it, Healthcare and Medicare considerations are a major factor for those who were over 55. In this regards, the existing literatures on the subject are reviewed thoroughly and critical gaps are highlighted. The finding explains how VRS is a complex phenomenon that interplays among personal, professional, financial and health related factors in retirement decision. The study also sheds light on what actually goes through someone's mind when they decide it’s finally time to retire early.

Innovations in Governance: Exploring Noval Approaches Across Sectors

Arun Kumar Vishwakarma, Meenu Shant Priya — 2026-02-13

Conventional approaches to governance are being reexamined and revised in response to changing global issues. This study explores the field of innovative governance models that have been embraced by various stakeholders, such as governments, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, social movements, civil society, and the private sector. These models are in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN and seek to improve transparency, accountability, sustainability, and citizen involvement. Through an examination of participatory budgeting, blockchain technology, and multi-stakeholder alliances, we examine the intricacies of each model, their implementation, advantages, disadvantages, and real-world implications in furthering sustainability goals. We aim to comprehend how these innovative governance methods can change established governance practices and support international efforts to achieve the SDGs through this comparative research.