Retention Challenges and Sustainable HRM Practices in Private Universities

Abstract

Employee retention has emerged as a critical strategic challenge for private universities, where competitive pressures, contractual employment, and evolving faculty expectations contribute to persistent attrition. Traditional retention mechanisms—largely focused on compensation and short-term incentives—have proven insufficient in addressing the complex and long-term nature of faculty turnover. This study examines employee retention challenges in private universities through the lens of Sustainable Human Resource Management (HRM) and explores how sustainable HRM practices contribute to enhanced employee satisfaction and retention intentions.